Author: tdpel

…The Satview Network costs one-time N14,000 Naira to purchase…

…N2000 annual subscription…

A new Direct-to-Home digital decoder known as SATVIEW NETWORK has been unveiled to the Nigerian viewing public.

The Satview Network is Nigeria’s first NO SUBSCRIPTION Direct-to-Home satellite service provider with over 50 PREMIUM CHANNELS, without a monthly subscription.

It has popular movies, sports, dramas, children and educational programs; and the number of channels will keep growing subject to change.

Unveiling the home-made decoder, the General Manager, Satellite Application, Nigerian Communication Satellite (NIGCOMSAT), Mr. Adajah Abdulraheem, saluted the effort of the team for creating and manufacturing the cheapest and affordable decoder that will showcase Nigeria and the African culture to the rest of the world.

“Putting our strength together, NIGCOMSAT will give you a very good service because we operate a regional Satellite that will give you the quality of signals even in the most torrential rain,” Abdulraheem said.

“We hope to take over Africa and to support your determination to project Nigeria to the outside world,” said Mr. Obiora Nnaemego, the Group Head, Satellite Broadband Broadcasting Company SBBC NIGCOMSAT.

According to the Chief Executive Officer, Dexterity Group, operator of the Satview Network, Dexter Femi Akin-Alamau, “the aim is to provide affordable and accessible direct-to-home decoders for Nigerians.

“The decoder offers annual subscription of Two Thousand Naira only.

“The Satview Network costs a one-time N14,000 Naira to purchase and install the Customer Satellite Receiver Equipment (an antenna and decoder unit).”

He called on Nigerians to work with Satview Network to make, distribute, advertise, and promote positive values of Nigeria and its products to the outside world.

Satview Network is operated by The Dexterity Group, which is wholly Nigerian-owned.

What role does a pillow have in your life?

In a single word, very. Pillows aren’t only for aesthetics when it comes to getting a good night’s sleep. It’s critical to ensure that your pillow is the proper one for you in order to maintain your health. Your soft, fluffy pillow is the item you look forward to the most after a long day.

However, the thing that makes you feel so good could be damaging your health. The selection of the right pillow is very important in this agenda. Sometimes the selection of the wrong pillow can affect your health badly. There are many different kinds of pillows to cater to different needs, like to relieve snoring, there is an anti-snore pillow, to relieve shoulder and neck pain there are memory foam pillows, then there are bamboo pillows, gel-infused pillows, down pillows, and many more.

1. The importance of support for your spine cannot be overstated – A good night’s sleep that also protects your spine necessitates the use of the proper type of pillow that provides the right level of support—protecting your back when sleeping entails maintaining excellent sleep posture, which includes keeping your ears, shoulders, and hips aligned. Pick the pillow that helps support the natural curve of your neck for optimal comfort. Pillows generally come in varying levels of support, such as soft to firm (similar to mattresses), so find the pillow that helps support the natural curve of your neck for best comfort. A cushion that is too tall or high, according to sleep experts, might strain your back, neck, and shoulders.

2. A faulty pillow might cause sleep issues – If you’ve ever tossed and turned in bed, counted what feels like the entire world’s sheep before eventually falling asleep, the issue could be with your pillow. The impact of pillows on sleep has been noted in publications ranging from Cosmopolitan to The Telegraph. When looking for a cushion, go to a store that has a large selection of pillows. After all, there are a plethora of options available, ranging from fiberfill pillows to gels and memory foam. Latex luxuriant pillows, gel memory foam pillows, and even cooling pillows are available. Whatever your requirements, you’ll be able to discover a cushion that meets them in stores and online.

3. Have you been sneezing and wheezing? It’s possible it’s your pillow – Have you forgotten when you last washed or replaced your pillow? The time limit may have expired. Time is of the essence when it comes to keeping pillows fresh because allergens such as dust mites can accumulate in them. This is especially true if you have been sneezing or coughing while sleeping. Make sure to wash your pillow every three to six months to keep it fresh. It may be helpful to swap to a new pillow every six months, or every three years, depending on the cushion and your sleeping habits.

4. Using the incorrect pillow for your sleeping position can result in pain – Do you prefer to sleep on your side or on your stomach? Your sleeping style has a lot to do with the type of cushion or pillows that will be most comfortable for you. Investing in a second cushion to tuck under your knees and relieve pressure from your lower back can aid back sleepers. Pillows to support your arms and legs might also assist keep things balanced if you sleep on your side.

5. Dust mites, spores, and other allergens could be hiding in your pillow – According to the National Sleep Foundation, I was sleeping on a pillow night after night leads it to collect body oil, dead skin cells, and hair. Not only does this seem disgusting, but it can also make the pillow smell and, worse, provide the ideal ecosystem for dust mites (common allergens). Dust mite allergies can cause sneezing, coughing, a runny nose, itchy eyes, nasal congestion, and an itchy feeling in your throat or mouth.

When It’s Time To Replace Your Pillow

Are you unsure when it’s time to replace your pillow? Here are some suggestions to follow to find the time for pillow replacement. Inspect the pillow for lumps in the foam or batting, and if it’s a feather pillow, ask yourself if you have to fluff it up to support your head all the time or if it does it on its own. Fold it in half again and check if it stays that way. It’s time for a new one if it does.

WAEC Principles Of Cost Accounting Account Questions And Answer

Waec Accounts questions and answers.

1. The officer responsible for ascertaining whether all public expenditure and appropriation are in time with the approved guideline is the

A. Creditor

B. Cashier

C. Auditor General

D. Bursar

ANSWER: C (Auditor General)

2. The cash basis of accounting requires the recognition of revenue only when they are

A. sent Out

B. documented

C. lost

D received

ANSWER: D (Received)

3. Responsibility accounting is particularly concerned with

A. variable cost

B. fixed cost

C. controllable costs

D. uncontrollable costs

ANSWER: C (Controllable costs)

4. Earnings per share is a measure of

A. loss

B. profit

C. income

D. expenditure

ANSWER: B (Profitability)

WAEC Accounting ESSAY Questions and Answers 2021
1. The Industry norm – This is the most common type of comparison. Analysts will typically look for companies within the same industry and develop an industry average, which they will compare to the company they are evaluating.

Ratios per industry are also provided by Bloomberg and the S&P. These are good sources of general industry information. Unfortunately, there are several companies included in an index that can distort certain ratios.

If we look at the food and beverage ratio index, it will include companies that make prepared foods and some that are distributors.

The ratios in this case would be distorted because one is a capital-intensive business and the other is not. As a result, it is better to use a cross-sectional analysis, i.e. individually select the companies that best fit the company being analyzed.

2. Aggregate economy – It is sometimes important to analyze a company’s ratio over a full economic cycle. This will help the analyst understand and estimate a company’s performance in changing economic conditions, such as a recession.

3. The company’s past performance – This is a very common analysis. It is similar to a time-series analysis, which looks mostly for trends in ratios.

1cii) Limitations to Accounting ratios/Financial ratios
There are some important limitations of financial ratios that analysts should be conscious of:

i)Many large firms operate different divisions in different industries. For these companies, it is difficult to find a meaningful set of industry-average ratios.

ii)Inflation may have badly distorted a company’s balance sheet. In this case, profits will also be affected. Thus a ratio analysis of one company over time or a comparative analysis of companies of different ages must be interpreted with judgment

2a. Working capital is the amount of a company’s current assets minus the amount of its current liabilities.

2b. Capital employed, also known as funds employed, is the total amount of capital used for the acquisition of profits. It is the value of all the assets employed in a business and can be calculated by adding fixed assets to working capital or subtracting current liabilities from total assets.

2c. A fixed asset is an item with a useful life greater than one reporting period, and which exceeds an entity’s minimum capitalization limit .

2d. A current asset is cash and any other company asset that will be turning to cash within one year from the date shown in the heading of the company’s balance sheet. (If a company has an operating cycle that is longer than one year, an asset that will turn to cash within the length of its operating cycle is considered to be a current asset.)

2e. The rate of stock turnover is a measure of the number of times inventory is sold or used in a time period such as a year.

The equation for inventory turnover equals the cost of goods sold or net sales divided by the average inventory.

3a. The accrual concept in accounting means that expenses and revenues are recorded in the period they occur, whether or not cash is involved.

3b. The business entity concept states that the transactions associated with a business must be separately recorded from those of its owners or other businesses.

Doing so requires the use of separate accounting records for the organization that completely exclude the assets and liabilities of any other entity or the owner.

3c. Dual Aspect Concept, also known as Duality Principle, is a fundamental convention of accounting that necessitates the recognition of all aspects of an accounting transaction.

3d. PERIODICITY CONCEPT is the concept that each accounting period has an economic activity associated with it, and that the activity can be measured, accounted for, and reported upon.

3e. The going concern principle is the assumption that an entity will remain in business for the foreseeable future. Conversely, this means the entity will not be forced to halt operations and liquidate its assets in the near term at what may be very low fire-sale prices.

4a)
A company is a legal entity made up of an association of persons, be they natural, legal, or a mixture of both, for carrying on a commercial or industrial enterprise.

4bi) An ordinary share represents equity ownership in a company proportionally with all other ordinary shareholders, according to their percentage ownership in the company. All other shares of a company’s stock are, by
definition , preferred shares

4b(ii)Preference shares, more commonly referred to as preferred stock, are shares of a company’s stock with dividends that are paid out to shareholders before common stock dividends are issued. If the company enters bankruptcy, the shareholders with preferred stock are entitled to be paid from company assets first.

4b(iii) A debenture is a type of debt instrument that is not secured by physical assets or collateral.
Debentures are backed only by the general creditworthiness and reputation of the issuer. Both corporations and governments frequently issue this type of bond to secure capital.

4b(iv) The authorised capital of a company (sometimes referred to as the authorised share capital, registered capital or nominal capital, particularly in the United States) is the maximum amount of share capital that the company is authorised by its constitutional documents to issue (allocate) to shareholders.

5a) journal
(i)suspense purchase Dr GHC(19,000) , Cr GHC(19,000)
(ii)returns inwards suspenses Dr(8000), Cr(8000)
(iii)suspense cashbook Dr(19,600), Cr(19,000)

(iv)suspense cash ook Dr(98,000), Cr(98,000)
(v) repairs of plant and machinery Dr(11,000) , Cr(11,000)
(vi) customer sales Dr(158,980), Cr(158,950)

(vii) supplier suspense(25,500 *2) Dr(51,000) cr(51,000)
(5b)
Suspense A/C:

Debit side:
purchases(19,000)
cash book(19600)
cash book(98000)

credit side;
returns inward(8,000)
supplier (51,000)
c/f (77,600)
136,600

No.5) use the image below

No.6) use the image belowNo7) use the image belowNo.8) use the image below

(9)
king star enterprises
departmental, trading, profit & loss acct
Debit side:
A le, B le

opening stock: 1000, 800
add purchases: 147200, 132800
148200, 123,600

add carriage: 1000, 1000
149200, 124600
less closing stock: 1200, 600
148000,124000

gross profit: 12000,16000
160000, 140000
office exp: 480, 120
rates: 176, 94

insurance: 692, 173
light: 384, 96
repairs: 240, 60
net profit: 10028, 159507
12000, 160000

credit side
A le, B le
sales: 160000,140000
160000, 140000

gross profit: 12000, 16000
12000, 160000

These are provided for study purposes only.

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WAEC Geography Questions And Answers

Geography Objective obj

01-10: ACBADDCACD
11-20: DADCDBBAAD

21-30: BCCAAADDCB

31-40: ABBDACDAAA
41-50: ACBDADDDAD

Geography Essay Theory

(1ai)
Total population of country Z = 5,500,000 + 8,000,000 + 6,700,000 + 4,800,000 = 25,000,000
Total Population of country Z = 25,000,000

(1aii)
Total land Area of country Z = 60,000 + 105,000 + 125,000 + 88,000 = 378,000km²

(1aiii)
Population density of country Z = Total population/Total Land Area
= 25,000,000/378,000
= 66
Therefore population density of country Z = 66 persons per kilometre square

(1b)
(i) Increase in birth rate
(ii) Industrialization
(iii) Employment Opportunities
(iv) Presence of social amenities

(1c)
(i) Large labour; High population density provides large labour for industries
(ii) Large Market; High population is a source of large market for industries
(iii) Effective planning; Large population brings concentration of effective planning so that town, city, can function properly
(iv) Information; There will be quick dissemination of information in the areas where there is high population density either through people, internet or mass Media.

(2ai)
A settlement is a place where people live but it also includes the people who live there, the buildings, the roads, streets and pathways which link up the buildings in the settlement and through which the people communicate.

(2aii)
(i) Towns
(ii) Cities

(2b)
(i) Urban settlement depends on the rural settlement for food grains
(ii) Urban settlement depends on the rural settlement for water supply
(iii) Urban settlement depends on the rural settlement for waste disposal recreational value
(iv) Urban settlement depends on the rural settlement for the growth of their settlements
(v) Urban settlement depends on the rural settlement for agricultural raw materials

(2c)
(i)Urban settlements provides industrial goods, social and utility services
(ii) Urban settlements serves as centres of innovation and commercial purposes
(iii) Urban settlements provides employment opportunities.

(3a)
Tourism is the practice of travelling for pleasure or the business of offering information,accommodations,transportation and other services to tourists. In order words,tourism is the practice which involves the visiting of people to places of interest where they can relax,derive pleasure and entertainment.

(3b)
*(Pick Any Five)*
(i)Favourable climate: For tourism to strive, the climate of the environment must be favourable so that tourists can relax and enjoy themselves.

(ii)Fine beaches: In Nigeria, there exist beautiful beaches along the coast. Such beautiful beaches include the Bar beach, Lekki and Badagry beaches.
(iii)Wild life: In Nigeria, there also exist beautiful wide life or game reserves such as Yankari and Borgu Game Reserves.

(iv)Effective publicity: For tourism to strive in Nigeria, there must be enough publicity to create awareness for the tourists on possible areas of attraction.
(v)Beautiful scenery: For tourism to grow, there must be natural and man made scenery where people can relax and entertain themselves.

(vi)Good transport network or communication: There must be good transportation system who will promote the movement of tourists without any obstructions. Vehicles and good roads are key to good tourism.

(3c)
*(Pick Any Four)*
(i)Inadequate funding: In Nigeria, the tourism industry is poorly funded. Poor funding has led to the poor development of the sub-sector.

(ii)lack of access roads: In Nigeria, there is basically lack of access roads to most resort centres. Many of the roads are in bad shape and this tends not to attract tourists to such centres.

(iii)Poor publicity: Lack of effective publicity or communication system for publicizing the scenery, wildlife and cultural attractions to visitors is a big problem in the country.

(iv)Inadequate personnel: One of the problems of developing tourism attractions in Nigeria is the inadequacy of competent and trained tourism personnel. Very few personnel are trained and competent.

(v)lack of private investment: In Nigeria, tourism development are left in the hand of government. Government alone cannot develop tourism in Nigeria.

(vi)Inadequate infrastructure: Basic infrastructure like electricity, pipe-borne water etc are inadequate and in some areas are lacking and this tends to reduce the development of tourism in Nigeria.

(Number 6)*

(6ai)
(i) Lagos
(ii) Kano
(iii) Kaduna
(iv) Port Harcourt

(6aii)
(i) Lagos: Food manufacturing industries
(ii) Kano: Textile industries
(iii) Kaduna: Textile industries
(iv) Port Harcourt: Fishing industries

(6b)
*(Pick Any Three)

(i)Increase in Gross National Product (GNP): Industrial sector through their operations like payment of taxes increases the earnings accruing to the nation.

(ii)Employment opportunities: Industries provide employment (jobs) for many people.

(iii)International trade improves trade balance: Most of the products of manufacturing industries like machinery are usually from western nations. This forms the basis for international trade and improves trade balance between countries.

(iv)Stimulation of other sectors: Industrial sector does stimulate the growth of other sectors like agriculture, mining and lumbering.

(v)Control of inflation due to mass production: With modern technology. products like cars and machinery can be mass-produced. This can help to reduce inflation.

(6c)
*(Pick Any Three)*

(i)Shortage of raw materials: Lack of sufficient raw materials available to industries hinders large scale production.

(ii)Insufficient capital: Access to finance or loan is very difficult. Capital (i.e. loan) is only easy for the big time investors, who possess collateral securities, to secure.

(iii)High degree of foreign dependence: Most products made in Africa are of low quality when compared with their counterparts in developed countries. Hence, people rely or depend on foreign goods.

(iv)Poor quality of industrial labour: Africa has a large pool of illiterate population that provides the personnel for our industries.

(v)Low purchasing power of the populace: Large scale poverty in African countries makes people have low purchasing power.

(vi)Inadequate power supply: There are frequent disruption of power supply in industrial areas and many areas do not even have power supply.

8a)
environmental balance is the stability in the amount of matter and energy within an ecosystem which guarantees continuous supply or availability of matter and energy.

(8b)
Diagram

(8c)
(Pick any three)
(i) It maintain osmotic content of body tissues
(ii) it aids excretion of waste products.

(iii) it constitutes a large portion of blood.
(iv) it acts as a solvent for soluble food substances in digestion of food

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These are provided for study purposes only.

1. Have a Positive Mindset:

It is obvious that until your mindset is positive, your life will not be positive. As you prepare for WAEC, you must develop a positive mindset towards your fate.

Don’t say, “WAEC is very hard I don’t know whether I will pass” and don’t believe anyone that says you cannot pass WAEC 2021 on your own.

Have the mentality, “If others passed WAEC 2021 in the past, then I will be like them. Refuse to be identified with failure or those that failed in the past.

Even if this year’s WAEC Exam is not your first time, it doesn’t mean that you cannot pass WAEC 2021 marketing this time around.

Sit for maths 2021/2022 will a refined mindset. Nothing will make you fail WAEC 2021. Until your mindset is positive, your life will not be positive.

2. Avoid Bad Companies

If you are really serious about passing WAEC 2021 Accounting, try and avoid bad companies. They will discourage and engage you in activities that will not enhance your success. Remember that their mindset may not correspond to yours.

3. Set Good Target and Plans:

If you have made up your mind to pass WAEC Financial Accounting 2021, the next thing you should do is set targets. Write down the type of grades you want in WAEC 2021. If you want all As, zero Fs and Zero Es then you should start planning it now.

Make sure you create a timetable and master plan to achieve your set goals. Remember, it takes nothing to dream but it takes everything to focus on your dream.

4. Get WAEC Accounting Recommended Textbooks 2021 :

One of your plans should be getting the WAEC 2021 Financial Accounting recommended textbooks. Normally, the West African Examination Council recommends books for the examination.

But apart from WAEC 2021 literature in English where certain novels are compulsory, you are free to use any good textbook to prepare for WAEC 2021 marketing exam.

Some topics are more difficult to understand. If you have any topic you are finding difficult to understand, then get another textbook that will make things simple for you.

5. Get WAEC Accounting Past Question:

This is a very good plan. Since WAEC 2021 and WAEC 2021 are of the same standard, you could use the same past questions to study for both.

If you are confused about how to get waec past questions. They are sold in good bookshops around. It is possible that the school where you registered could offer to give you some current past questions that will help you in WAEC 2021.

6. Start Preparing for WAEC Accounting 2021 :

Stop wasting your time. Now that you have gotten textbooks and past questions, the next thing is to begin your reading. Early reading and practice is good for you; you will pass well on WAEC 2021.

7. Avoid Skipping Examples and Exercises:

It is very unfortunate that Secondary school students are fond of skipping exercises and even examples while studying textbooks.

They loved notebooks so much that they could ask, “can I read my Marketing, Biology, etc notebooks and pass WAEC 2021?”

Don’t be scared of attempting exercises; they are there to help you. Face it and overcome it!

8. Test Yourself on WAEC Accounting Questions and Answers

This is a good practice. Once in a while, answer full one year Accounting past questions on your own without checking the answers. Then mark to see your score. This will help you in many aspects.

9. Do Constant Practice:

Don’t get discouraged when certain topics are annoying, keep on practicing until you master everything. Never give up and never say never. Keep on keeping on….

10. Create Time for Recreation

Create time for yourself where you play and ease off stresses. Do not overwork yourself; it can make you waste time unnecessarily. One you work more than necessary, you are not gaining anything.

WAEC 2021 Principles Of Accounting Question And Answer

WAEC cost accounting answers

1. The Industry norm – This is the most common type of comparison. Analysts will typically look for companies within the same industry and develop an industry average, which they will compare to the company they are evaluating.

Ratios per industry are also provided by Bloomberg and the S&P. These are good sources of general industry information. Unfortunately, there are several companies included in an index that can distort certain ratios.

If we look at the food and beverage ratio index, it will include companies that make prepared foods and some that are distributors.

The ratios in this case would be distorted because one is a capital-intensive business and the other is not. As a result, it is better to use a cross-sectional analysis, i.e. individually select the companies that best fit the company being analyzed.

2. Aggregate economy – It is sometimes important to analyze a company’s ratio over a full economic cycle. This will help the analyst understand and estimate a company’s performance in changing economic conditions, such as a recession.

WAEC cost accounts answers

3. The company’s past performance – This is a very common analysis. It is similar to a time-series analysis, which looks mostly for trends in ratios.

1cii) Limitations to Accounting ratios/Financial ratios
There are some important limitations of financial ratios that analysts should be conscious of:

i)Many large firms operate different divisions in different industries. For these companies, it is difficult to find a meaningful set of industry-average ratios.

ii)Inflation may have badly distorted a company’s balance sheet. In this case, profits will also be affected. Thus a ratio analysis of one company over time or a comparative analysis of companies of different ages must be interpreted with judgment

WAEC cost account answers

2a. Working capital is the amount of a company’s current assets minus the amount of its current liabilities.

2b. Capital employed, also known as funds employed, is the total amount of capital used for the acquisition of profits. It is the value of all the assets employed in a business and can be calculated by adding fixed assets to working capital or subtracting current liabilities from total assets.

2c. A fixed asset is an item with a useful life greater than one reporting period, and which exceeds an entity’s minimum capitalization limit .

2d. A current asset is cash and any other company asset that will be turning to cash within one year from the date shown in the heading of the company’s balance sheet. (If a company has an operating cycle that is longer than one year, an asset that will turn to cash within the length of its operating cycle is considered to be a current asset.)

2e. The rate of stock turnover is a measure of the number of times inventory is sold or used in a time period such as a year.

The equation for inventory turnover equals the cost of goods sold or net sales divided by the average inventory.

3a. The accrual concept in accounting means that expenses and revenues are recorded in the period they occur, whether or not cash is involved.

3b. The business entity concept states that the transactions associated with a business must be separately recorded from those of its owners or other businesses.

Doing so requires the use of separate accounting records for the organization that completely exclude the assets and liabilities of any other entity or the owner.

3c. Dual Aspect Concept, also known as Duality Principle, is a fundamental convention of accounting that necessitates the recognition of all aspects of an accounting transaction.

3d. PERIODICITY CONCEPT is the concept that each accounting period has an economic activity associated with it, and that the activity can be measured, accounted for, and reported upon.

3e. The going concern principle is the assumption that an entity will remain in business for the foreseeable future. Conversely, this means the entity will not be forced to halt operations and liquidate its assets in the near term at what may be very low fire-sale prices.

4a)
A company is a legal entity made up of an association of persons, be they natural, legal, or a mixture of both, for carrying on a commercial or industrial enterprise.

4bi) An ordinary share represents equity ownership in a company proportionally with all other ordinary shareholders, according to their percentage ownership in the company. All other shares of a company’s stock are, by
definition , preferred shares

4b(ii)Preference shares, more commonly referred to as preferred stock, are shares of a company’s stock with dividends that are paid out to shareholders before common stock dividends are issued. If the company enters bankruptcy, the shareholders with preferred stock are entitled to be paid from company assets first.

4b(iii) A debenture is a type of debt instrument that is not secured by physical assets or collateral.
Debentures are backed only by the general creditworthiness and reputation of the issuer. Both corporations and governments frequently issue this type of bond to secure capital.

4b(iv) The authorised capital of a company (sometimes referred to as the authorised share capital, registered capital or nominal capital, particularly in the United States) is the maximum amount of share capital that the company is authorised by its constitutional documents to issue (allocate) to shareholders.

5a) journal
(i)suspense purchase Dr GHC(19,000) , Cr GHC(19,000)
(ii)returns inwards suspenses Dr(8000), Cr(8000)
(iii)suspense cashbook Dr(19,600), Cr(19,000)

(iv)suspense cash ook Dr(98,000), Cr(98,000)
(v) repairs of plant and machinery Dr(11,000) , Cr(11,000)
(vi) customer sales Dr(158,980), Cr(158,950)

(vii) supplier suspense(25,500 *2) Dr(51,000) cr(51,000)
(5b)
Suspense A/C:

Debit side:
purchases(19,000)

cash book(19600)
cash book(98000)

credit side;
returns inward(8,000)
supplier (51,000)
c/f (77,600)
136,600

No.5) use the image below

No.6) use the image belowNo7) use the image belowNo.8) use the image below

(9)
king star enterprises
departmental, trading, profit & loss acct
Debit side:
A le, B le

opening stock: 1000, 800
add purchases: 147200, 132800
148200, 123,600
add carriage: 1000, 1000

149200, 124600
less closing stock: 1200, 600
148000,124000
gross profit: 12000,16000

160000, 140000
office exp: 480, 120
rates: 176, 94
insurance: 692, 173

light: 384, 96
repairs: 240, 60
net profit: 10028, 159507
12000, 160000

credit side
A le, B le
sales: 160000,140000

160000, 140000
gross profit: 12000, 16000
12000, 160000

These are provided for study purposes only.

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GCSE, AS and A level exams in England next summer will be adapted to maximise fairness and help students reach their potential.

Following a public consultation, the government and Ofqual have today (30 September) confirmed changes such as a choice of topics in some GCSE exams like English literature and history; advance information on the focus of exams to focus students’ revision in subjects, where there is not a choice of topics; and support materials like formulae sheets in maths.

These plans recognise the disruption caused to this year group’s education as a result of the pandemic, while balancing the need to return to exams as the fairest possible form of assessment.   With exams set to return, Ofqual has also set out its approach to grading, following the last two years which saw an overall higher proportion of students receiving top grades compared to pre-pandemic years.

Next year will be a transition year to reflect the recovery period, with grade boundaries to be set by exam boards reflecting a midway point between 2021 and 2019 – so that more students get higher grades in 2022 than before the pandemic. This approach will provide a safety net for this year’s students as well as a step back to normality, with results expected to return to the usual grade profile by 2023.

Education Secretary Nadhim Zahawi said:

We’ve put fairness at the heart of our approach and listened to pupils, teachers and parents. The measures we’re putting in place will help reduce the impact of the significant disruption this group of young people have had to face – allowing them to move onto the next stage of their lives.

We are committed to rigorous standards being fairly applied, and exams are the fairest way to assess students, which is why they will take place next year.

The return to exams means teachers will be able to focus on teaching and helping students catch up on their learning, while adaptations ensure fairness for students and help them to focus their revision.

The consultation gathered more than 6,000 responses – with almost a quarter from students – and showed that more than 90 per cent of students and parents were in favour of giving advance information and around 80 per cent or more agreed with offering choices of topics.

It is the government’s firm intention that exams will take place next year, as the fairest way for students to show what they know and can do. But the government and Ofqual have also published proposals for Teacher Assessed Grades as a contingency measure if exams cannot go ahead, in the event that the course or impact of the pandemic changes.

Alongside this, the department has set out how these arrangements will apply to vocational and technical qualifications (VTQs).

Ofqual Chief Regulator, Dr Jo Saxton, said:

The interests of learners are central to Ofqual’s mandate. For us, that means fairness. It means qualifications that stand the test of time, that employers, colleges and universities can trust.

Our grading approach will recognise the disruption experienced by students taking exams in 2022. It will provide a safety net for those who might otherwise just miss out on a higher grade, while taking a step back to normal.

Exams and other formal assessments are the best and fairest means of assessing students’ achievements. Choice in some subjects and advance information to support revision are intended to provide support for all as we emerge from the pandemic.   Advance information to help students focus their revision over the final months will be given for summer exams in early February and the timing will be kept under review subject to the course of the pandemic.

Results for exams next year will return to their normal format, with AS and A levels being released on 18 August, and GCSEs on 25 August. VTQs used to progress in a similar way will be issued on or before the same days, and other VTQs results will continue to be issued throughout the year.

The Government has committed to an ambitious and long-term education recovery plan, including an investment to date of over £3bn, helping young people prepare for exams as well as supporting school-aged children across the country. This includes a significant expansion of the tutoring programme, to support children and young people to make up for learning lost during the pandemic.

WAEC 2021 Geography Questions and Answers

Geography Objective obj

01-10: ACBADDCACD
11-20: DADCDBBAAD

21-30: BCCAAADDCB

31-40: ABBDACDAAA
41-50: ACBDADDDAD

Geography Essay Theory

(1ai)
Total population of country Z = 5,500,000 + 8,000,000 + 6,700,000 + 4,800,000 = 25,000,000
Total Population of country Z = 25,000,000

(1aii)
Total land Area of country Z = 60,000 + 105,000 + 125,000 + 88,000 = 378,000km²

(1aiii)
Population density of country Z = Total population/Total Land Area
= 25,000,000/378,000
= 66
Therefore population density of country Z = 66 persons per kilometre square

(1b)
(i) Increase in birth rate
(ii) Industrialization
(iii) Employment Opportunities
(iv) Presence of social amenities

(1c)
(i) Large labour; High population density provides large labour for industries
(ii) Large Market; High population is a source of large market for industries
(iii) Effective planning; Large population brings concentration of effective planning so that town, city, can function properly
(iv) Information; There will be quick dissemination of information in the areas where there is high population density either through people, internet or mass Media.

(2ai)
A settlement is a place where people live but it also includes the people who live there, the buildings, the roads, streets and pathways which link up the buildings in the settlement and through which the people communicate.

(2aii)
(i) Towns
(ii) Cities

(2b)
(i) Urban settlement depends on the rural settlement for food grains
(ii) Urban settlement depends on the rural settlement for water supply
(iii) Urban settlement depends on the rural settlement for waste disposal recreational value
(iv) Urban settlement depends on the rural settlement for the growth of their settlements
(v) Urban settlement depends on the rural settlement for agricultural raw materials

(2c)
(i)Urban settlements provides industrial goods, social and utility services
(ii) Urban settlements serves as centres of innovation and commercial purposes
(iii) Urban settlements provides employment opportunities.

(3a)
Tourism is the practice of travelling for pleasure or the business of offering information,accommodations,transportation and other services to tourists. In order words,tourism is the practice which involves the visiting of people to places of interest where they can relax,derive pleasure and entertainment.

(3b)
*(Pick Any Five)*
(i)Favourable climate: For tourism to strive, the climate of the environment must be favourable so that tourists can relax and enjoy themselves.

(ii)Fine beaches: In Nigeria, there exist beautiful beaches along the coast. Such beautiful beaches include the Bar beach, Lekki and Badagry beaches.
(iii)Wild life: In Nigeria, there also exist beautiful wide life or game reserves such as Yankari and Borgu Game Reserves.

(iv)Effective publicity: For tourism to strive in Nigeria, there must be enough publicity to create awareness for the tourists on possible areas of attraction.
(v)Beautiful scenery: For tourism to grow, there must be natural and man made scenery where people can relax and entertain themselves.

(vi)Good transport network or communication: There must be good transportation system who will promote the movement of tourists without any obstructions. Vehicles and good roads are key to good tourism.

(3c)
*(Pick Any Four)*
(i)Inadequate funding: In Nigeria, the tourism industry is poorly funded. Poor funding has led to the poor development of the sub-sector.

(ii)lack of access roads: In Nigeria, there is basically lack of access roads to most resort centres. Many of the roads are in bad shape and this tends not to attract tourists to such centres.

(iii)Poor publicity: Lack of effective publicity or communication system for publicizing the scenery, wildlife and cultural attractions to visitors is a big problem in the country.

(iv)Inadequate personnel: One of the problems of developing tourism attractions in Nigeria is the inadequacy of competent and trained tourism personnel. Very few personnel are trained and competent.

(v)lack of private investment: In Nigeria, tourism development are left in the hand of government. Government alone cannot develop tourism in Nigeria.

(vi)Inadequate infrastructure: Basic infrastructure like electricity, pipe-borne water etc are inadequate and in some areas are lacking and this tends to reduce the development of tourism in Nigeria.

(Number 6)*

(6ai)
(i) Lagos
(ii) Kano
(iii) Kaduna
(iv) Port Harcourt

(6aii)
(i) Lagos: Food manufacturing industries
(ii) Kano: Textile industries
(iii) Kaduna: Textile industries
(iv) Port Harcourt: Fishing industries

(6b)
*(Pick Any Three)

(i)Increase in Gross National Product (GNP): Industrial sector through their operations like payment of taxes increases the earnings accruing to the nation.

(ii)Employment opportunities: Industries provide employment (jobs) for many people.

(iii)International trade improves trade balance: Most of the products of manufacturing industries like machinery are usually from western nations. This forms the basis for international trade and improves trade balance between countries.

(iv)Stimulation of other sectors: Industrial sector does stimulate the growth of other sectors like agriculture, mining and lumbering.

(v)Control of inflation due to mass production: With modern technology. products like cars and machinery can be mass-produced. This can help to reduce inflation.

(6c)
*(Pick Any Three)*

(i)Shortage of raw materials: Lack of sufficient raw materials available to industries hinders large scale production.

(ii)Insufficient capital: Access to finance or loan is very difficult. Capital (i.e. loan) is only easy for the big time investors, who possess collateral securities, to secure.

(iii)High degree of foreign dependence: Most products made in Africa are of low quality when compared with their counterparts in developed countries. Hence, people rely or depend on foreign goods.

(iv)Poor quality of industrial labour: Africa has a large pool of illiterate population that provides the personnel for our industries.

(v)Low purchasing power of the populace: Large scale poverty in African countries makes people have low purchasing power.

(vi)Inadequate power supply: There are frequent disruption of power supply in industrial areas and many areas do not even have power supply.

8a)
environmental balance is the stability in the amount of matter and energy within an ecosystem which guarantees continuous supply or availability of matter and energy.

(8b)
Diagram

(8c)
(Pick any three)
(i) It maintain osmotic content of body tissues
(ii) it aids excretion of waste products.

(iii) it constitutes a large portion of blood.
(iv) it acts as a solvent for soluble food substances in digestion of food

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These are provided for study purposes only.

Nigeria’s Ambassador to Turkey, Ismail Abba, has assured prospective investors from Turkey and Indonesia of a High Return on Investment (ROI) when they come to invest in critical sectors of the country’s economy.

This is contained in a statement by Gov. Abubakar Bello of Niger Chief Press Secretary, Mary Noel-Berje, on Sunday at the Turkish-Nigeria Business Congress (TNBC) in Istanbul, Turkey.

The ambassador described Nigeria’s business environment as hospitable, stressing that there abound immeasurable opportunities waiting to be explored in the country.

Abba, who gave an overview of the investment climate in Nigeria, said the country represents a major economic driver of West Africa and one of the fastest growing economies in the world.

Addressing the gathering, Nigeria’s Minister of Aviation Hadi Sirika, said that the Federal Government’s efforts at overhauling, transforming and commercialising the Aviation Sector as one of the fastest growing sectors of the nation’s economy.

He said with a huge investment and robust turnaround of the Aviation, Railroad and other transportation systems, Nigeria would generate massive traffic hub and become a platform to extend investment opportunities across Africa.

Also speaking, the Minister of Communication and Digital Economy, Malam Isah Pantami, represented by Ahmed Maska, an official in the ministry, highlighted efforts made by Nigeria to strengthen its communication and digital economy.

Pantami said that the country remains important in terms of investment opportunities due to its population and size.

He said the Forum provided a good opportunity for investors in communication and digital economy and other critical sectors.

The minister added that investment in smart technologies such as Surveillance and Rapid Respond technologies would curb insecurity in the country.

In his speech, Bello, who is also the Chairman North Central States Governor’s Forum (NCSGF), described Nigeria-Turkey bilateral relationship as mutually beneficial.

Bello, who identified technology transfer as fundamentally necessary to the growth and development of Nigeria, stressed the need for cooperation with the Turkish government in that direction.

Bello said investment opportunities abound in Nigeria, but that the courage to take positive economic decision, open up and the will to invest in various aspect of comparative advantage by the investors, was absent in some instances.

Bauchi State Governor, Bala Mohammed, also gave a brief of possible investment opportunities in the state as well as incentives provided by the state government for potential investors.

Governor of Jigawa state, represented by the Deputy Governor, Malam Umar Namadi, highlighted the potentials available in Jigawa, explaining that collaborating with Turkey would bring about rapid development and increase in economic activities.

Earlier, the Chairman of Indonesian Chamber of Commerce, Mr Eddy Ganefo, highlighted his country’s trade and economic relationship with Turkey and expressed hope that such strategic cooperation would continue to wax stronger.

In his welcome address, representative of the organisers of the Business and Economic Forum, Dr Mohammed Obied, said Turkey, with its geo-strategical location, was capable of playing a major role establishing business relationship among the businessmen of Nigeria, Turkey and Indonesia.

He noted that a tripartite business and investment cooperation among the three countries was potentially big considering their sizes and with an estimated combined population of over 500 million.

Obied charged the gathering not to only identify business and investment opportunities, but also focus on the mechanism of making them work by concluding and executing all agreements reached.

The Turkish-Nigeria and Indonesia Forum is organised to increase awareness on investment and business opportunities for all the countries.

It is also to improve interaction between their business communities and to direct attention of the private sector in all countries toward areas of mutually beneficial investment opportunities.NAN