Author: tdpel

A Federal High Court sitting in Awka, Anambra State, has ruled as discriminatory the cashless policy of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) across six states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), where bank customers depositing or withdrawing a certain amount of cash are made to pay financial levies of two per cent and three per cent of the amount.

The judgment followed a suit filed by Anambra State-based legal practitioner, Chijioke Ifediora, against CBN, describing the policy as discriminatory and offending section 42 of the 1999 Constitution in Anambra, Abia, Lagos, Ogun, Kano, Rivers and FCT where CBN enforces it.

But contesting this, Ifediora said: “There is no constitutional foundation/pillar for such discriminatory policy nor is any statutory enabler for such biased circular.”

However, the counsel for the CBN, Jackson Iragunima, in his submission contended that the policy was not discriminatory and is for the wellbeing of the country.

He also noted that the plaintiff did not have the authority of all the citizens and corporate institutions residing in the said States and FCT to institute the action on their behalf.

But in his ruling, the presiding judge, Justice N.O Dimgba agreed with the plaintiff that the CBN policy was discriminatory and offended section 42 of the 1999 constitution (as amended).

“I have reviewed the policy document as contained in the website of the defendant (CBN) as well as the implementing circulars and I am unable to see any rational and objective justification for the selective imposition of financial penalties against residents of the named six States and the FCT for making cash withdrawals and lodgements/deposits over the stipulated threshold,” the judge said.

He also noted that the policy, rather than promoting a cashless economy, encourages the proliferation of cash, by traders who rather keep their cash than to lodge it and pay financial levies of 2% and 3% of the amount.

Joseph Funsho, a UK-based forensic investigator, has punctured claims by the Nigerian Army that it only shot blank rounds at #EndSARS protesters at the Lekki Toll Plaza on October 20, 2020.

In his presentation before the Lagos State Judicial Panel on Restitution of Victims of SARS-Related Abuses and Other Matters on Friday, Funsho, the Managing Director of Sentinel Forensics Limited, said the bullets given to him by the panel to examine were two expended 7.62 x 39mm live ammunition recovered from the scene of the shooting.

He said it was impossible for the guns that fired the live ammunition to have fired the blank ammunition tendered by the Army to the panel as they are of two different calibres. The blank rounds, according to Funsho, were of 7.62 by 51mm.

Evidence analysis presented before the panel by the expert read: “The blank ammunition submitted by the Army is not designed to be fired by rifles chambered to 7.62 x 39mm.”

In his testimony before the panel, he said, “On 29th December, 2020, we [Sentinel Forensics] were formally engaged by the Lagos State Judicial Panel of Enquiry to carry out forensic analysis with a specific mandate.

“To conduct a crime scene investigation at Lekki Tollgate (sand fill), to submit a detailed report on the investigation, to examine LCC’s CCTV footage and give Digital Forensic Expert opinion on same recording of incidents on October 20, 2020, to give expert opinion on evidence recovered during scene visit by panel members, submit detailed comprehensive forensic report on subject.

“We received from the tribunal, items for evidence which include one Seagate external hard drive designated to contain CCTV footage of the 20th of October, 2020 at the Lekki Tollgate plaza; one SLI USB drive designated to contain CCTV footage of the incident presented by the Nigerian Army; two spent shell casings of bullets recovered at the scene; four rounds of ammunition tendered as exhibits by the Nigerian Army; one blank expended ammunition; one blank unexpended ammunition; one live expended ammunition and one live unexpended ammunition.”

After they were given to Sentinel, he said they proceeded to conduct the crime scene investigation at the Lekki Tollgate. he said they also visited the other tollgates at TP1, TP2 and TP3. The purpose, he explained, was to ascertain whether or not live ammunition was discharged around the vicinity.

“We also reviewed the items of evidence that were presented to us, and in line with our second and fifth mandates under our terms of engagement, produced a comprehensive forensic report on our scene investigation and evidence review in hard copy and electronic presentation,” he said.

Funsho lamented the inability to examine Lekki Concession Company’s servers that stored the original CCTV footage presented to his firm to examine if the submitted footage was doctored or tampered with.

He tendered a letter written to the Managing Director of LCC and dated January 17, 2021, seeking access to their servers which might have stored a video footage of the Lekki Tollgate event, as exhibit before the panel. However, LCC has not responded to the letter till date.

The Senate has taken step to improve the epileptic power supply in the country as a bill to repeal the 2005 Electricity Sector Reform Act scaled second reading at yesterday’s plenary.

The bill, among others, seeks to consolidate all legislations in the power sector into one electricity statute, with the ultimate aim of improving Nigeria’s power generation capacity.

The bill sponsored by Chairman of the Senate Committee on Power, Senator Gabriel Suswam, if passed into law would diversify the power sector to accommodate cleaner renewable energy sources, as well as boost investment from private sector participation.

Leading debate on the bill, the former governor of Benue state explained that the proposed legislation seeks to, among other reasons, repeal the Electricity Power Sector Reform Act, 2005, consolidate all legislations in Nigerian Electricity Supply Industry (NESI) and enact an omnibus Electricity Act for the industry to provide the ideal legal and institutional framework to guide the post-privatisation phase of the industry in Nigeria.

He recalled that the Electric Power Sector Reform Act, 2005, provided the legal and institutional framework for the reform of the Nigerian Electricity Supply Industry (NESI) initiated and implemented by the Federal Government between 2001 – 2013.

According to him, the Act and other policy measures provided for the physical unbundling of the National Electric Power Authority (NEPA) into 18 successor companies.

His words: “While 17 of these successor companies have been licensed by the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission as distinct privatised generation and distribution companies, the Transmission Company of Nigeria remains state-owned.”

He explained further that the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC); the Nigerian Electricity Management Services Agency (NEMSA); and Rural Electrification Agency (REA) were also established to enforce technical standards and regulations, as well as the coordination and implementation of rural electrification, respectively.

The ranking Senator, however, lamented that, “in spite of the modest milestones recorded in the Nigerian power sector through the reform exercise, the sector has not been able to meet the target of making electricity available to 75 per cent rural and urban population by 2020 as envisaged in the National Electric Power Policy.

“This is because the sector is currently plagued by a number of challenges some of which are operational constraints that emerged after the privatisation exercise while others may be attributed to the gaps inherent in the extant framework.

“With respect to operational constraints, the privatised power sector in Nigeria is facing myriad of post-privatisation challenges including the absence of cost-reflective tariffs, inadequate enumeration and metering of consumers, limited access to funds for investment, high levels of Aggregate Technical Commercial and Collection (ATC&C) losses, poor revenue generation and tariff deficits.

“All these constraints have received various interventions by the executive and legislative arms of the federal government over the years, but these challenges have continued to threaten the viability of successor companies including their financial capacity to invest in network improvement to guarantee reliable power supply as envisaged in their respective performance agreement.”

He explained further that apart from the operational constraints confronting post-privatised power sector in Nigeria, the Principal Act – Electricity Power Sector Reform Act 2005 – which is the legal framework for the industry was fraught with gaps and shortcomings that makes it unsuitable to adequately regulate activities of the market operator and participants in the post-privatised phase of the industry.

Suswan also underscored the need to consolidate all legislations in the power sector into one electric statute in order to align regulatory responsibilities and ensure clarity of statutory roles for ease of compliance with regulatory requirements by operators.

According to him, “what is, however, required at this point is an ideal legal framework that will stimulate the deployment of relevant regulatory and policy measures that will accelerate growth in power generation capacity, improve utilisation of generated power through investment in new technologies that would enhance transmission and distribution of generated power.”

He said the bill when passed, would provide the framework for power diversification through the use of cleaner renewable energy sources such as coal, wind, sun and ensure sustainable energy mix.

The federal lawmaker added that the piece of legislation when re-enacted would also eliminate current barriers to private sector funds investment across the power value chain and attract the funds needed to address the current funding gaps confronting the industry since the privatisation of the power sector.

The Electricity bill, 2021, after scaling second reading was referred by the Senate President, Ahmad Lawan, to the Committee on Power for further work and with a four-week time frame to report back to the Red Chamber.

Also yesterday, a bill seeking to repeal the Copyright Act 2004 also passed second reading during Senate plenary.

The bill sponsored by the Senate Leader, Abdullahi Yahaya was referred to the Committee on Trade and Investment headed by Senator Francis Fadahunsi and also has four weeks to submit its report at plenary.

The Federal High Court has fixed October 14, for the re-arraignment of the former National Publicity Secretary of the Peoples Democratic Party, Olisa Metuh, over alleged fraud to the tune of ₦400 million.

The date was fixed following the absence of the new trial judge, Justice Obiora Egwuatu, in court on Tuesday.
Consequently, Metuh’s re-trial could not proceed, despite his presence and that of all the parties involved, in court.

The court of Appeal, Abuja, had on December 16, 2020, nullified a Federal High Court judgement that convicted and sentenced Metuh to seven years imprisonment for money laundering.

The appellate court held that the judgement of the trial judge, Okon Abang, was tainted with bias, and subsequently sent the case file back to the Federal High Court for retrial by another judge.

Metuh would be re-tried over allegations of receiving the sum of 400 million from the former National Security Adviser, Colonel Sambo Dasuki (rtd), prior to the 2015 presidential election, without contract approval or execution.

2021 WAEC History Question and Answer

1. There are ____ ethnic groups in Nigeria?

275
3
6
250
9
The correct answer is D. 250

2. The Nigeria democracy day was changed from May 29 to ____?

June 12th
1st October
27th May

April 4th
November 16th.
The correct answer is A. June 12th

3. Which Date was the Nigeria democracy day change from May 29 to June 12th ___?

June 6, 2020
May 6, 2018
June 6, 2018

April 6, 2019
September 6, 2019
The correct answer is C. June 6, 2018

4. The most populated country in the world is___?

America
India
China
United kingdom

Nigeria
The correct answer is C) China.

5. Which of the following is the hottest region in the world?

Mercury
Venus
Sun desert
The sky

Sahara Desert
The correct answer is E) the Sahara Desert.

6. ___was the first President in Nigeria?

Abacha
Lord Lugard
Nnamdi Azikiwe
Babangida

Obasanjo
The correct answer is C) Nnamdi Azikiwe.

1. In which Year did Nigeria Get its independence?

1970
1950
1940
1930
1960
The Correct Answer is E)1960

2. Which of these countries Colonized Nigeria?

America
Britain
Europe
Africa
United Kingdom
The Correct Answer is B) Britain

3. Nigeria is in a Continent Called?

Biafra
Africa
South-South
Niger Delta
Ecowas
The Correct Answer is B), Africa

4. The largest continent in the world is?

Africa
Australia
Asia
Atlantic Ocean
Mississippi
The Correct Answer is C), Asia

5. Africa is the ____ Largest continent in the world?

First
Third
Fourth
Second
Fifth
WAEC History 2021 Questions and Answers Continues
The Correct Answer is D) Second

6. Which continent in the world is the smallest?

Africa
Asia
Australia
Atlantic Ocean
Mississippi
The Correct Answer is C) Australia

7. Who brought the end of twins Killing In Nigeria?

Mary Mitchell Slessor
Samuel Ajayi Crowther
Mary Adams
Mary Lugard
John Emirate
The Correct Answer is A) Mary Mitchell Slessor

8. Who named Nigeria?

Nigerians
Abraham Babangida
Flora Shaw
Mary Slessor
Samuel Ajayi Crowther
The Correct Answer is C) Flora Shaw.

9. What was the best form of exchange that was common in the olden days?

Foreign exchange
Intercontinental exchange
Business exchange
Trade by barter
The Correct Answer is D) Trade by barter

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The UK government has announced EU under 12m in length vessels that will be licensed to fish in the UK 6-12 nautical mile zone.

Almost 1,700 EU vessels licences have now been licensed to fish in UK waters. Of these, 117 licences have been issued for EU vessels to fish in the 6-12 nautical mile zone where supporting evidence of a track record was available.

There are thirty five smaller vessels which did not have supporting evidence where licences have not been issued but where the UK government remains open to further discussion and evidence. The UK is clear on methodology with decisions based on evidence available and in line with the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA).

The UK government will publish the list of EU under 12m in length vessels that will be licensed to fish in the UK 6-12 nautical mile zone on Wednesday 29 September.

A UK Government spokesperson said:

The government has this year issued a large number of licences to EU vessels seeking to fish in our exclusive economic zone (12-200 nautical mile zone) and our territorial sea (6-12 nautical mile zone). Our approach has been reasonable and fully in line with our commitments in the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA).

As regards the 6-12nm zone, as set out in the TCA, EU vessels must provide evidence of a track record of fishing activity in those waters. We have been considering applications for vessels of under 12 m in length to fish in this zone and, on the basis of the evidence available, we are able to grant licences for 12 of the 47 applications made.

We continue to work with the Commission and the French authorities and will consider any further evidence provided to support the remaining licence applications.

Almost 1,700 vessels have already been granted licences to fish in the UK 12-200 nautical mile zone and a further 105 licences were issued for vessels to fish in the 6-12 nautical mile zone where evidence was available to support a track record over the five year reference period.

There were 47 smaller vessels, under 12 metres, where data was less available and where further supporting evidence was requested to support their application to fish in the 6-12 nautical mile zone. Having assessed all available evidence, we have now licensed a further 12 under 12m vessels to fish in the 6-12 nautical mile zone of our territorial sea. The approach we have taken is reasonable and fully in line with the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA).

The Trade and Cooperation Agreement brought in changes to fishing arrangements between the UK and the EU. The UK is required to grant access to vessels which fished in the relevant parts of the UK’s 6-12 nautical mile zone in four out of five years between 2012 and 2016.

The UK requires reasonable evidence to assess applications against the requirements:

• Positional data showing fishing activity in our territorial waters.
• Data recording catches of any of the permitted species corresponding to the same date or time period as that positional data.

The UK has left the EU and as an independent coastal state is committed to sustainable fisheries management. Defra continues to work with counterparts in the Commission and with French authorities. We welcome any further evidence from the EU, using our published methodology, to assess other existing licensing applications from EU vessels.

Chemistry Objective Essay WAEC 2021 Question And Answer

Chemistry Objective

1-10: CACDBDADAD
11-20: AADCDABBCD

21-30: BACBCCBCAC

31-40: CBACBCDBAD
41-50: DBBDCBCCCB

Chemistry Essay Theory.

1. Identify the solid remaining when each of the following is heated.
(a) lithium trioxonitrate (V)
(b) potassium trioxonitrate (V)
(c) calcium trioxonitrate (V)

2. (a) When calcium oxide and coke are heated in an electric furnace, the products are carbon (ii) oxide and calcium carbide (CaC2), write the equation for this reaction.

(b) The addition of water to calcium carbide leads to the formation of calcium hydroxide and ethyne. Write the equation for the production of ethyne.

3. Calculate the percentage by mass of silicon tetrachloride. [2 marks]

4. Ammonia, NH3, and phosphine, Ph3, are the hydrides of the first two elements in group 5.

(a) Draw a dot and cross diagram for the ammonia molecule. [2 marks]
(b) Sketch and explain the shape of the ammonia molecule. [3 marks]

5. The first ionization energy of chlorine is +1260KJmol-1.
(a) Define the term first ionization energy.

(b) State and explain the general trend in the values of the first ionization energy for the elements across the period, sodium to argon in the periodic table.

6. Compound A consisting of carbon and hydrogen only. The compound was found to contain 80% carbon by mass.
(a) Calculate the empirical formula of compound A using the data above.

(b) The relative molecular mass of compound A was found to be 30.
Use this information to deduce the molecular formula of compound A.
[H = 1.00 C = 12.00]

7. State two factors other than a change in temperature or the use of a catalyst that influence the rate of a chemical reaction.

SECTION B

1. (a) Two elements represented by the letters Q and R have atomic numbers 9 and 12 respectively.
(i) Write the election configuration of R.

(ii) To what group does Q belong in the periodic table.
(iii) Write the formula of the compound formed when Q combines with R.
(iv) Explain briefly, why Q is a good oxidizing agent.

(v) State whether R would be expected to form acidic or basic oxide.
(b) (i) State two assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases.
(ii) When some solids are heated, they change directly into the gaseous state. What name is given to this phenomenon?

(iii) List two substances which exhibit the phenomenon mentioned in (ii).
(iv) Write an expression to show the mathematical relationship between the rate of diffusion of a gas and its vapour.

2. An aqueous solution has a pH of 4.0.
(a) (i) What is the hydrogen ion concentration of the solution?

(ii) What effect will it have on litmus paper?
(iii) Which of the following salt solutions would have the same effect on litmus? Give a reason for your answer. NH4Cl(aq); NaCl(aq) ; CH3OON(aq).

(b) (i) Differentiate between a fine chemical and a heavy chemical.
(ii) Name two sources of air pollution.
(iii) Suggest one way of reducing air pollution in cities

3. (a) (i) Explain briefly the fermentation process.
(ii) Write a balanced equation for the fermentation of glucose.

(iii) What substance must be added to glucose solution to ferment it?
(iv) Explain briefly why tightly corked glass filled to the brim with palm wine shatters on standing.
(b) State one industrial application of each of the following methods of separation:
(i) Crystallization;

(ii) Fractional distillation.
(c) Explain the following terms:
(i) Saponification;
(ii) Esterification.

(d) Write a balanced equation to illustrate each of the terms in (c).
(e) i) What is hydrocarbon compound?

(ii) Name two principal sources of hydrocarbons.

Answers

2ai)
The relationship between the compounds A and B is that they have similar chemical properties

(2aii)
– A : Trans-1,2-dichloroethene
– B : Cis-1,2-dichloroethene

(2aiii)
Their chemical properties will be the same

(2aiv)
The reason is because they are geometric isomers. Geometric isomers have the same chemical properties but different physical properties.

2bi)
(i) Temperature remains constant during boiling
(ii) There is change of state during boiling

(2bii)
I – It will increase the boiling point of water.
II – It will reduce the boiling point of water.

(2biii)
Boiling occurs at a specific temperature While Evaporation occurs at almost all temperatures.

(2ci)
An unsaturated solution is one that contains less than the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature While A saturated solution is one that contains maximum of solute that can be dissolved in it at that temperature.

(2cii)
(i) By increasing the temperature of the solution.
(ii) By increasing the amount of the solute.

(2ciii)
Temperature.

(2di)
Mole is a standard scientific unit for measuring large quantities of very small entities such as atoms, molecules, or other specified particles

(2dii)
MgO(s)+2HCl(aq) —> MgCl(aq)+H2O(l)
From the equation of reaction; 1 mole of MgO = 2 moles of HCl
Hence n = cv/100

where c = 0.1moldm-³; v = 25.0cm³
No of mole of HCl = n = 0.1×25/1000
= 2.5 x 10-³ moles

Hence the no of moles ofMgO required = 2.5/2 x10-³
But n = m/M = reacting mass/ Molar mass —> m = nM = 1.25×10-³ x 40
= 50 x 10-³ = 0.05g of MgO.

(2e)
(i) They are malleable
(ii) They are ductile
(iii) They are good conductors of heat and electricity

3ai)
Draw the diagram

(3aii)
I. Activation Energy = (210 – 100)KJ = 110K
II. Hp – HR = ΔH
54 – 100 = -46KJ

(3aiii)
Q2(g) + R2(g) –> 2QR(g)

(3aiv)
Exothermic reaction.

(3av)
The heat content of the reactant is higher than that of the product.

(3bi)
E7 – 1s² 2S² 2P³
F9 – 1s² 2S² 2P⁵
G12 – 1S² 2S² 2P⁶ 3S²
H13 – 1S² 2s² 2P⁶ 3S² 3P¹

(3bii)
I. G and H
II. H
III. F
IV. GF2

(3ci)
Isotopy is the existence of an element in more than one physical form with the same atomic number but different atomic masses.

(3d)
(i) Atoms
(ii) Molecules
(iii) ions

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2021 WAEC Chemistry Objective Essay Question And Answer

Chemistry Objective

1-10: CACDBDADAD
11-20: AADCDABBCD

21-30: BACBCCBCAC

31-40: CBACBCDBAD
41-50: DBBDCBCCCB

Chemistry Essay Theory.

1. Identify the solid remaining when each of the following is heated.
(a) lithium trioxonitrate (V)
(b) potassium trioxonitrate (V)
(c) calcium trioxonitrate (V)

2. (a) When calcium oxide and coke are heated in an electric furnace, the products are carbon (ii) oxide and calcium carbide (CaC2), write the equation for this reaction.

(b) The addition of water to calcium carbide leads to the formation of calcium hydroxide and ethyne. Write the equation for the production of ethyne.

3. Calculate the percentage by mass of silicon tetrachloride. [2 marks]

4. Ammonia, NH3, and phosphine, Ph3, are the hydrides of the first two elements in group 5.

(a) Draw a dot and cross diagram for the ammonia molecule. [2 marks]
(b) Sketch and explain the shape of the ammonia molecule. [3 marks]

5. The first ionization energy of chlorine is +1260KJmol-1.
(a) Define the term first ionization energy.

(b) State and explain the general trend in the values of the first ionization energy for the elements across the period, sodium to argon in the periodic table.

6. Compound A consisting of carbon and hydrogen only. The compound was found to contain 80% carbon by mass.
(a) Calculate the empirical formula of compound A using the data above.

(b) The relative molecular mass of compound A was found to be 30.
Use this information to deduce the molecular formula of compound A.
[H = 1.00 C = 12.00]

7. State two factors other than a change in temperature or the use of a catalyst that influence the rate of a chemical reaction.

SECTION B

1. (a) Two elements represented by the letters Q and R have atomic numbers 9 and 12 respectively.
(i) Write the election configuration of R.

(ii) To what group does Q belong in the periodic table.
(iii) Write the formula of the compound formed when Q combines with R.
(iv) Explain briefly, why Q is a good oxidizing agent.

(v) State whether R would be expected to form acidic or basic oxide.
(b) (i) State two assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases.
(ii) When some solids are heated, they change directly into the gaseous state. What name is given to this phenomenon?

(iii) List two substances which exhibit the phenomenon mentioned in (ii).
(iv) Write an expression to show the mathematical relationship between the rate of diffusion of a gas and its vapour.

2. An aqueous solution has a pH of 4.0.
(a) (i) What is the hydrogen ion concentration of the solution?

(ii) What effect will it have on litmus paper?
(iii) Which of the following salt solutions would have the same effect on litmus? Give a reason for your answer. NH4Cl(aq); NaCl(aq) ; CH3OON(aq).

(b) (i) Differentiate between a fine chemical and a heavy chemical.
(ii) Name two sources of air pollution.
(iii) Suggest one way of reducing air pollution in cities

3. (a) (i) Explain briefly the fermentation process.
(ii) Write a balanced equation for the fermentation of glucose.

(iii) What substance must be added to glucose solution to ferment it?
(iv) Explain briefly why tightly corked glass filled to the brim with palm wine shatters on standing.
(b) State one industrial application of each of the following methods of separation:
(i) Crystallization;

(ii) Fractional distillation.
(c) Explain the following terms:
(i) Saponification;
(ii) Esterification.

(d) Write a balanced equation to illustrate each of the terms in (c).
(e) i) What is hydrocarbon compound?

(ii) Name two principal sources of hydrocarbons.

Answers

2ai)
The relationship between the compounds A and B is that they have similar chemical properties

(2aii)
– A : Trans-1,2-dichloroethene
– B : Cis-1,2-dichloroethene

(2aiii)
Their chemical properties will be the same

(2aiv)
The reason is because they are geometric isomers. Geometric isomers have the same chemical properties but different physical properties.

2bi)
(i) Temperature remains constant during boiling
(ii) There is change of state during boiling

(2bii)
I – It will increase the boiling point of water.
II – It will reduce the boiling point of water.

(2biii)
Boiling occurs at a specific temperature While Evaporation occurs at almost all temperatures.

(2ci)
An unsaturated solution is one that contains less than the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature While A saturated solution is one that contains maximum of solute that can be dissolved in it at that temperature.

(2cii)
(i) By increasing the temperature of the solution.
(ii) By increasing the amount of the solute.

(2ciii)
Temperature.

(2di)
Mole is a standard scientific unit for measuring large quantities of very small entities such as atoms, molecules, or other specified particles

(2dii)
MgO(s)+2HCl(aq) —> MgCl(aq)+H2O(l)
From the equation of reaction; 1 mole of MgO = 2 moles of HCl
Hence n = cv/100

where c = 0.1moldm-³; v = 25.0cm³
No of mole of HCl = n = 0.1×25/1000
= 2.5 x 10-³ moles

Hence the no of moles ofMgO required = 2.5/2 x10-³
But n = m/M = reacting mass/ Molar mass —> m = nM = 1.25×10-³ x 40
= 50 x 10-³ = 0.05g of MgO.

(2e)
(i) They are malleable
(ii) They are ductile
(iii) They are good conductors of heat and electricity

3ai)
Draw the diagram

(3aii)
I. Activation Energy = (210 – 100)KJ = 110K
II. Hp – HR = ΔH
54 – 100 = -46KJ

(3aiii)
Q2(g) + R2(g) –> 2QR(g)

(3aiv)
Exothermic reaction.

(3av)
The heat content of the reactant is higher than that of the product.

(3bi)
E7 – 1s² 2S² 2P³
F9 – 1s² 2S² 2P⁵
G12 – 1S² 2S² 2P⁶ 3S²
H13 – 1S² 2s² 2P⁶ 3S² 3P¹

(3bii)
I. G and H
II. H
III. F
IV. GF2

(3ci)
Isotopy is the existence of an element in more than one physical form with the same atomic number but different atomic masses.

(3d)
(i) Atoms
(ii) Molecules
(iii) ions

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WAEC 2021 Christian Religious Studies CRS Objective Essay Question And Answer

Objective OBJ answers

1-10: CBBBDACCDC
11-20: ADADCBCDCC

21-30: A – – B- – ACAB

31-40: CDCCDDBBBB
41-50: BACCDCBDCD

Theory answers

(2a)
After the prayer of Moses to God to appoint a leader to replace him so that a lsrael would not be without a leader. God instructed him to Joshua the son of Nun,a man with the spirit of God and lay his hand upon him.

He told Moses to make him stand before Eleazer, the priest and the entire congregation. He should be commissioned before the people and this would make the people to obey himas soon as he becomes a leader.

Prior to the above, Joshua was one of the twelve spies sent out and his courage gave a lot of support to the people. Also, he was a man of faith and through his faith the people actually overcome at the end.

The instructions God gave to Joshua on his assumption of leadership over Israel.
1. God assured Joshua of his victory and success in leadership assignments.
2. The book of the law should not depart from the mouth of Joshua.

3. Joshua should meditate on the book of the law day and night in other to do what is written on it.
4. By doing what is written on the book of the law,he would make his way prosperous Continuation
and success would come to his way.

5. God directed Joshua on how to conquer the city of Jericho and the people were to match against it for seven days.

(2b)
(i)political leaders are expected to be courageous

(ii)Political leaders are expected to lead the people by the law of God
(iii)Political leaders are expected to be good examples before the people that they are leading.

(3a)
At the wilderness of ziph, David had a better opportunity of killing or taking Saul’s life, but he did not, David Abisaha met Saul where he was sleeping,Abishai met requested David to let him pin Saul to the Earth but David refused to grant his request.

In David’s words,”touch not God’s annoited “but wait for the Lord to smite him one day for he shall go down into battle and perish. David therefore took Saul’s spear and his jar of water and left with Abishai and did no harm to Saul.

David having gone a far distance called upon Abner and blamed him for failing to keep proper watch over Saul the Saul the king . So David had opportunities of getting rid of the life of Saul his enemy but he did not,he left everything for God.

(3b)
Four benefits of self control are;
(i) Saves you from committing sin

(ii) It can also makes your enemy to repent and love you
(iii) It draws Christians closer to God
(iv) Knowledge and understanding prevails over your enemy

(4a)
Then Solomon stood before the altar of the Lord in front of the whole assembly of Israel, spread out his hands toward heaven and said:

“Lord, the God of Israel, there is no God like you in heaven above or on earth below—you who keep your covenant of love with your servants who continue wholeheartedly in your way.

You have kept your promise to your servant David my father; with your mouth you have promised and with your hand you have fulfilled it—as it is today.

“Now Lord, the God of Israel, keep for your servant David my father the promises you made to him when you said, ‘You shall never fail to have a successor to sit before me on the throne of Israel, if only your descendants are careful in all they do to walk before me faithfully as you have done.’

And now, God of Israel, let your word that you promised your servant David my father come true. “But will God really dwell on earth?

The heavens, even the highest heaven, cannot contain you. How much less this temple I have built! Yet give attention to your servant’s prayer and his plea for mercy, Lord my God. Hear the cry and the prayer that your servant is praying in your presence this day.

May your eyes be open toward this temple night and day, this place of which you said, ‘My Name shall be there,’ so that you will hear the prayer your servant prays toward this place.

(4b)
(i) By identifying and providing peculiar needs of their society

(ii) By building industries and productive infrastructure capable of creating employment opportunities
(iii) By commiting resources to the improvement of human capital through scholarships and grants

(6a)
In the evening after Jesus had died on the cross, a wealthy man, named Joseph of Arimathea,who was a disciple of Jesus went to Pilate and requested for the body of Jesus.

His request was granted and he took the body of Jesus and laid it in his own tomb. The women disciple Mary Magdalene and other many were there and sat opposite the sepulchre.

Soldiers were posted to the tomb to ensure that His body was not stolen by His disciples, in order to tell the people that He has risen. The soldiers did not only guard the tomb,but highly secured it by rolling a stone on it to seal the tomb

(6b)
(i) Excessive/expensive coffin
(ii) Engagement of expensive entertainer

(8a)
The prayer of the righteous is very powerful in its working (or, operation).” James has just exhorted us to “pray for one another, so that you may be healed.” This may refer to healing from illness, especially illness that may be the result of unconfessed sin. Or, it may refer also to spiritual healing, since James has instructed us to confess our sins to one another.

But his point is that whether your need is physical or spiritual, prayer is very powerful. But, he qualifies it. In other words if we have been justified by faith, we stand before God with a righteousness that is not our own. If you think that you can approach God through your righteousness, you do not understand the gospel. The gospel shuts us all up under sin, showing that our own righteousness will never satisfy God’s holy.

(8b)
(ii)It’s built into our very existence. Because we are created in His image, God’ image, we are to mimic Christ-like behavior.

(ii)Prayer is an avenue to resolution, the path to finding an answer to a problem. It provides insight to our dilemmas and tough decisions.

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2021 WAEC Christian Religious studies CRS Objective Essay Question And Answer

Objective OBJ answers

1-10: CBBBDACCDC
11-20: ADADCBCDCC

21-30: A – – B- – ACAB

31-40: CDCCDDBBBB
41-50: BACCDCBDCD

Essay answers

(2a)
After the prayer of Moses to God to appoint a leader to replace him so that a lsrael would not be without a leader. God instructed him to Joshua the son of Nun,a man with the spirit of God and lay his hand upon him.

He told Moses to make him stand before Eleazer, the priest and the entire congregation. He should be commissioned before the people and this would make the people to obey himas soon as he becomes a leader.

Prior to the above, Joshua was one of the twelve spies sent out and his courage gave a lot of support to the people. Also, he was a man of faith and through his faith the people actually overcome at the end.

The instructions God gave to Joshua on his assumption of leadership over Israel.
1. God assured Joshua of his victory and success in leadership assignments.
2. The book of the law should not depart from the mouth of Joshua.

3. Joshua should meditate on the book of the law day and night in other to do what is written on it.
4. By doing what is written on the book of the law,he would make his way prosperous Continuation
and success would come to his way.

5. God directed Joshua on how to conquer the city of Jericho and the people were to match against it for seven days.

(2b)
(i)political leaders are expected to be courageous

(ii)Political leaders are expected to lead the people by the law of God
(iii)Political leaders are expected to be good examples before the people that they are leading.

(3a)
At the wilderness of ziph, David had a better opportunity of killing or taking Saul’s life, but he did not, David Abisaha met Saul where he was sleeping,Abishai met requested David to let him pin Saul to the Earth but David refused to grant his request.

In David’s words,”touch not God’s annoited “but wait for the Lord to smite him one day for he shall go down into battle and perish. David therefore took Saul’s spear and his jar of water and left with Abishai and did no harm to Saul.

David having gone a far distance called upon Abner and blamed him for failing to keep proper watch over Saul the Saul the king . So David had opportunities of getting rid of the life of Saul his enemy but he did not,he left everything for God.

(3b)
Four benefits of self control are;
(i) Saves you from committing sin

(ii) It can also makes your enemy to repent and love you
(iii) It draws Christians closer to God
(iv) Knowledge and understanding prevails over your enemy

(4a)
Then Solomon stood before the altar of the Lord in front of the whole assembly of Israel, spread out his hands toward heaven and said:

“Lord, the God of Israel, there is no God like you in heaven above or on earth below—you who keep your covenant of love with your servants who continue wholeheartedly in your way.

You have kept your promise to your servant David my father; with your mouth you have promised and with your hand you have fulfilled it—as it is today.

“Now Lord, the God of Israel, keep for your servant David my father the promises you made to him when you said, ‘You shall never fail to have a successor to sit before me on the throne of Israel, if only your descendants are careful in all they do to walk before me faithfully as you have done.’

And now, God of Israel, let your word that you promised your servant David my father come true. “But will God really dwell on earth?

The heavens, even the highest heaven, cannot contain you. How much less this temple I have built! Yet give attention to your servant’s prayer and his plea for mercy, Lord my God. Hear the cry and the prayer that your servant is praying in your presence this day.

May your eyes be open toward this temple night and day, this place of which you said, ‘My Name shall be there,’ so that you will hear the prayer your servant prays toward this place.

(4b)
(i) By identifying and providing peculiar needs of their society

(ii) By building industries and productive infrastructure capable of creating employment opportunities
(iii) By commiting resources to the improvement of human capital through scholarships and grants

(6a)
In the evening after Jesus had died on the cross, a wealthy man, named Joseph of Arimathea,who was a disciple of Jesus went to Pilate and requested for the body of Jesus.

His request was granted and he took the body of Jesus and laid it in his own tomb. The women disciple Mary Magdalene and other many were there and sat opposite the sepulchre.

Soldiers were posted to the tomb to ensure that His body was not stolen by His disciples, in order to tell the people that He has risen. The soldiers did not only guard the tomb,but highly secured it by rolling a stone on it to seal the tomb

(6b)
(i) Excessive/expensive coffin
(ii) Engagement of expensive entertainer

(8a)
The prayer of the righteous is very powerful in its working (or, operation).” James has just exhorted us to “pray for one another, so that you may be healed.” This may refer to healing from illness, especially illness that may be the result of unconfessed sin. Or, it may refer also to spiritual healing, since James has instructed us to confess our sins to one another.

But his point is that whether your need is physical or spiritual, prayer is very powerful. But, he qualifies it. In other words if we have been justified by faith, we stand before God with a righteousness that is not our own. If you think that you can approach God through your righteousness, you do not understand the gospel. The gospel shuts us all up under sin, showing that our own righteousness will never satisfy God’s holy.

(8b)
(ii)It’s built into our very existence. Because we are created in His image, God’ image, we are to mimic Christ-like behavior.

(ii)Prayer is an avenue to resolution, the path to finding an answer to a problem. It provides insight to our dilemmas and tough decisions.

Bookmark this page and keep refreshing for updates. Also accept our all notifications and subscribe!