Author: tdpel

Troops of Sector 2 Joint Task Force North East Operation HADIN KAI (OPHK) have arrested a high profile Boko Haram member and raided Boko Haram Improvised Explosive Devices materials hub in Damboa and Gashua Local Government Areas of Borno and Yobe States respectively.

These operational feats were recorded following robust operations conducted by troops of OPHK.

Following a tip off, a wanted BH/ISWAP terrorist, one Yawi Modu, who has been on the wanted list was nabbed along Damboa-Wajiroko road.

Relatedly, troops have successfully busted a Urea Fertilzer syndicate known for supplying terrorists with IED materials. The market is believed to be the notorious hub for IED materials for BHT/ISWAP.

These ISWAP criminals facing the reality of obvious depletion are desperately acquiring IED materials to make explosive devices with which to unleash terror on innocent civilians, in a bid to remain relevant and present a posture of potency.

In the sting operation conducted, a total of Two Hundred and Eighty One 50 Kg bags of Urea were recovered from the warehouses in the market and two notorious BHT distributors were also arrested.

Recall that Urea fertilizer has been banned by Government because its use as a major component for manufacturing IED by terrorists. The suspects and materials recovered are currently undergoing preliminary investigation.

While commending the vigilance and resilence of the troops, the Chief of Army Staff Lieutenant General Faruk Yahaya has reassured them of his support in decisively tackling the Boko Haram/ISWAP terrorists.

2021 WAEC Clerical Office Duty Question And Answer

Office duty answers.

Clerical Office Duties Obj Objectives

1-10: BCDDCDCBCA.

11-20: AACCCACDAA.

21-30: CDBDACCCAA.

31-40: ABBCABBCBD.

41-50: DBDABDCCDD.

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TOPICS NOTES

1. THE OFFICE

(1) Definition of an office

(2) Functions (a) Receiving information

(b) Recording information

(c) Processing/Analysing

information
(d) Giving information

(e) Storing information

(f) Safeguarding/Protecting

 

Assets

 

(3) Sections

 

(a) Reception

 

(b) General Office

 

(c) Stores

 

(d) Mail Room/Registry

 

(4) Departments

 

(a) Accounts their

 

(b) Purchasing

 

(c) Sales

 

(d) Personnel/Human

 

Resource

 

(e) Production

 

(f) Legal

 

(g) Administration

 

(h) Transport

 

(5) Office Personnel (a) Office Manager (b) Office Supervisor (c) General Clerks

 

(d) Accounts Clerks

 

(e) Data entry Clerks

 

(f) Administrative

 

Assistants

 

Candidates should be able to:

identify the important roles played

 

by each of these sections in an organization;

 

examine the linkages among the departments, sections and functions;

 

identify the interrelationship among heads of departments;

 

outline the relationship among office personnel in terms of their duties/ functions in the office;

 

 

 

DETAILED SYLLABUS

TOPICS NOTES

 

(g) Secretaries

 

(i) Company Secretary

 

(ii) Private Secretary

 

(iii) Stenographer Secretary

 

(h) Receptionist

 

(i) Typist

 

(j) Messenger

 

(5) Professional Image of Office

 

Staff

 

(a) Personal and

 

Business Attributes

 

(b ) Social habits, Personal

 

Hygiene and healthy

 

Lifestyle

 

(b) Time Management

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(6) Layout

 

(a) open

 

(b) closed

 

2 ORGANISATION

 

(1) Principles of Organisation

 

(a) Unity of objectives

 

(b) Span of control

 

(c) Authority and

 

Responsibility

 

(d) Delegation

 

(e) Unity of functions

 

(f) Unity of command

 

(g) Supervision

 

(h) Remuneration

 

(i) Accountability

 

(j) Esprit de corps

 

Candidates should be able to:

identify the differences between the different types of secretaries and state their duties;

 

give a detailed explanation of the personal and business attributes of office staff;

 

identify the importance of good social habit and personal hygiene;

 

explain time management as well as identify time management skills and time wasters in the office;

 

give the factors that determine choice of office layout and reasons for planning an office;

 

state the advantages and disadvantages of open and closed office layout.

 

Candidates should be able to:

 

explain of the principles of organisation and how they can be applied in an organization;

 

TOPICS NOTES

(1) Organisational Structure

(a) Line structure

 

(b) Line and staff structure

 

(c) Staff structure

 

(d) Functional structure

 

(e) Matrix structure

 

(2) Organisational

 

Chart/Organogram

 

(3) BUSINESS

 

TRANSACTIONS

 

(I) Documents used in Business Transactions

 

 

 

(a) Letter of enquiry

 

(b) Price list/

 

Catalogue/Quotation

 

(c) Local Purchase Order

 

(d) Order

 

(e) Proforma Invoice

 

(f) Invoice

 

(g) Delivery Note/Waybill

 

(h) Debit note

 

(i) Credit note

 

(j) Statement of account

 

(k) Cheques/Payment

 

Orders

 

(l) Receipt

 

(m) Purchase Requisition

 

(2) Methods of Payment (a) Cash

 

(b) Cheque

 

(c) Standing order

 

(d) Credit transfer

 

(e) Money transfer

 

draw an organizational chart and state its uses, advantages and disadvantages;

 

identify the documents, their purposes and when to use them;

 

complete the documents;

 

describe the various methods of payment used in business as well as state their advantages and disadvantages;

 

TOPICS NOTES

(3) Payroll Handling

2021 WAEC Mathematics Questions And Answers.

Further math Objective and essay question and answer

PAPER 1: This paper will contain forty multiple-choice objective questions that will cover the whole course.

Further Maths Question And Answer

Candidates will have one hour to answer all questions for a total of 40 points. The following areas of the curriculum will be used to generate the questions:

 

30 questions on pure mathematics

 

4 questions about statistics and probability

 

6 questions on vectors and mechanics

 

PAPER 2: There will be two portions, Sections A and B, that must be completed in two hours for a total of 100 points.

 

Section A will include eight obligatory questions of elementary kind worth 48 points. The following is how the questions will be distributed:

 

2021 WAEC further Maths Theory

1)

 

pr(age)=4/5

pr(fully)=3/4

pr(must)=2/3

pr(age not admitted)=1-4/5

=1/5

pr(fully not admitted)=1-3/4

=1/4

pr(must not admitted)=1-2/3

=1/3

Therefore pr(none admitted)=1/5*1/4*1/3

=1/60

5b)

pr(only age and fully gained admission)=4/5*3/4*1/3

=1/5

2)

tabulate

Marks| 1-10, 11-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50,51-60, 61-70, 71-80, 81-90, 91-100

F| 3, 17, 41, 85, 97, 115, 101, 64, 21, 6

C.B| 0.5-105, 10.5-205, 20.5-305, 30.5-405,40.5-505, 50.5-605, 60.5-705, 70.5-805,80.5-905, 90.5-1005

C.F| 0+3=3, 3+17=20, 20+41=61, 61+85=146,146+77=243, 243+115=358, 358+101=459,459+64=523, 523+21=544, 544+6=550

3)

Given:

f(x)={(4x-x^2)dx

f(x)=2x^2 – x^3/3 + K

f(3)=2(3)^2 – (3)^2/3 + K =21

18 – 9 + K=11

9+K=21

K=21-9

K=12

Therefore

f(x)= -x^3 + 2x^2 + 12

11b)

i) Tn=a+(n-1)d

T2=a+(2-1)d

T2=a+d

T4=a+3d

T8=a+7d

GP

Tn=ar^n-1

T1=ar^1-1

T2=ar^2-1=ar

T3=ar^2

a+d=a …..equation (1)

a+3d=ar …..equation (2)

a+7d=ar^2 …..equation (3)

T3+T5=20

a+2d+a+4d=20

2a+6d=20

a+3d=10 …..equation (4)

…..equation (2)/…..equation (1)

ar/a=a+3d/a+d

r=a+3d/a+d

…..equation (3)/…..equation (2)

ar^2/ar=a+7d/a+3d

r=a+7d/a+3d

but r=r

a+3d/a+d=a+7d/a+3d

(a+3d)^2=(a+d)(a+7d)

a^2+6ad+ad^2

a^2+7ad+ad+7d^2

a^2+8ad+7d^2

a^2+6ad+9d^2=a^2

+8ad+7d^2

6ad+9d^2=8ad+7d^2

6ad-8ad=7d^2-9d^2

-2ad=2d^2

ad=dd

a=d

(4)

1/1-cos tita + 1/1+cos tita

=1+cos tita + 1-cos tita//(1-cos tita) (1+cos tita)

= 2/1+cos tita – cos tita – cos^2 tita

= 2/1-cos^2 tita

Recall that :

Cos^2 tita + sin^2 tita = 1

.:. Cos^2 tita = 1-sin^2 tita

.:. 1/1-cos^2 tita + 1/1+cos tita

= 2/1-(1-sin^2 tita)

(5)

At stationary points,

dy/dx=0.

y=x^0(x-3)

Let u=x^2,v=x-3.

du/dx=2x dv/dx=1.

dy/dx= Udv/dx + Vdu/dx

dy/dx=x^2(1)+(x-3)(2x)

.:. dy/dx=x^2+2x^2-6x

dy/dx=3x^2-6x

At stationary point,

dy/dx=0..

.:.3x^2-6x=0

Equation of line=> 3x^2-6x=0

6ai)

P:F=4:1 =4x+1x=100

5x=100

x=100/5

x=20

pass=20*4=80%

fail= 20*1=20%

p(pass)=80/100=0.8

p(fail)=20/100=0.2

n=7

12ai)

P(at least 3passed)

P=0.8

Q=0.2

P(x=r)=n(rP^rq^n-r

P(x>/3)=1-P(x<2) P(x<2)=P(x=0)+P(x=1)+P(x=2) P(x=0)=7dgree (0.8)degree (0.2)^7 P(x=0)=0.0000128 P(x=1)=^7( (0.8)^1 (0.2)^6 =0.0003584 P(x<2)=7^C2 (0.8)^2 (0.2)^5 =0.0043008 P(X<2)=0.0000128+0.0003584+0.004300 =0.004672 P(x>3)=1-0.004672

=0.995321

=0.10(2d.p)

6aii)

P(between 3 and 6 failed)

P=0.2

q=0.8

P(36)

P(x=3) + P (x=4)+p(x=5)+P(x=6)

p(x=3) 7^C3 (0.2)^3 (0.8)^4

=0.114688

p(x=4)=7^C4 (0.2)^4 (0.8)^3

0.028672

P(x=5)=7^C5 (0.2)^5 (0.8)^2

=0.0043008

P(x=6)=7^C6 (0.2)^6 (0.8)^1

=0.0003584

p(36)

=0.114688+0.028672+0.0043008

+0.0003584

=0.1480192

=0.15(2d.p)

Today’s WAEC Further Maths OBJ Answers

1-10. CBBDCAADCB

 

11-20. DCBDCBCDCC

 

21-30. ABDCDABBCB

 

31-40. CDCADBCAAD

 

41-50. ABDCBACDDC

 

2021 WAEC Further Mathematics Possible Questions and answers

1. Given the matrix M=

 

2 -4 -4

1 8 2

1 1 -2

 

find |M|

 

A. -24

 

B. -8

 

C. 8

 

D. 24

 

E. 48

 

ANSWER: A

 

2. The gradient of a curve is 8x+2 and it passes through (1,3). Find the equation of the curve

 

A. y = 4x^2 + 2x + 3

 

B. y = -4x^2 + 2x -3

 

C. y = 4x^2 – 2x + 3

 

D. y = 4x^2 + 2x + 3

 

E. y= 4x^2 – 2x – 3

 

ANSWER: A

 

3. Given that y = 3x^3 + 4x^2 + 7. Find dy/dx at x = 1

 

A. 14

 

B. 15

 

C. 17

 

D. 30

 

E. 35

 

ANSWER: C

 

4. Integrate 3x^2 + 4x – 8 with respect to x

 

A. x^3 + 2x^2 + 8x + k

 

B. 6x + 4 + k

 

C. x^3 – 2x^2 + 8x + k

 

D. x^3 + x^2 – 8x + k

 

E. x^3 + 2x^2 – 8x + k

 

ANSWER: A

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2021 WAEC Agricultural Science Practical Specimen Questions And Answers.

WAEC Agric Practical Questions And Answers.

Agric science practical specimens Question And Answer

1. (a) What class of manure does each of specimen A and B belong to.
(b) List three characteristics of each of specimens A and B.
(c) List two precautions to be observed when applying each of specimens A and
(c) List two precautions to be observed when applying each of specimens A and B.
(d) (i)State which of the specimens is recommended to improve clay soil.
(ii) Give two reasons for your answer.

ANS: (a) Natural and Artificial.
(b) Characteristics of Specimen A (Poultry droppings)
– It is bulky
– Rich in micro-organisms
– Contains many plant nutrients/ improves soil fertility the nutrients concentration are fairly low
– Capable of binding soil particles together /improves soil structure has a bad smell
– Improves soil temperature
– Nutrients not easily leached/lasts longer in the soil Reduces soil erosion by improving soil structure Variable nutrient concentration

Specimen B (N-P-K 15 -15-15)
– Granular in structure Has pungent smell
– Contains only few mineral nutrients
– Not bulky in nature
– Does not reduce soil erosion Nutrients are readily available Hygroscopic.

Precautions to take when applying
Specimen A (Poultry droppings)
– Should not be applied when fresh to crops on the field Must not be allowed to touch the plants
– Should cure properly before application/fully decomposed before applying – Wash hands immediately after application
– Wear protective clothing
– Should be applied when soil is wet
Specimen B (N-P-K 15 -15-15)
– Do not allow direct contact with the plant Do not apply when the soil is very dry
– When applying manually always wear gloves Wash hands immediately after application Do not apply to alkaline soils
– Do not eat, drink or smoke when applying the fertilizers Do soil test to know deficient nutrient before applying.

Questions And Answers
2. (a) Identify specimens D,E and F.
(b) Classify specimens D,E and F according to their mode of formation.
(c) State three characteristics each of specimens D and E.
(d) State three ways in which specimen E is economically important.

ANS: (a) D(Pebbles or sandstone), E(Granite) and F(Marble).
(b) Specimens D – Sedimentary rock
E – Igneous rock
F – Metamorphic rock
(c) Characteristics; Specimen D (Pebbles /Sandstone)

– Occurs in layers or strata

– May be coarse, fine, soft or hard

– Non-crystalline in nature

– May contain fossils/plant and animal remains

– Not resistant to erosion

– May be porous.
Specimen E (Granite)

– Crystalline in nature/contain crystals

– It is massive – Very hard – Impermeable to water

– Highly resistant to erosion and weather element

– Does not contain fossils.

3. (a) Identify specimens C
(b) State two uses of specimens C
(c) Give two maintenance practices for specimens C
(d) Name two other farm tools that can perform the function of specimen C.

 

Specimen  A – Shears

 

Specimen B – Secateurs;

 

Specimen C – Spade

 

Specimen D – Cutlass

 

Specimen E – Urea Fertilizer ( labelled)

 

Specimen F – Wood ash ( labelled)

 

Specimen G – Poultry manure ( labelled)

 

Specimen H – Centrosema

 

Specimen I – Elephant grass

 

Specimen J – Tropical Kuduza

 

Specimen K – Guinea grass

 

Specimen L – Chicken egg

 

Specimen M – Raw milk

 

Specimen N – Water (labelled)

 

Specimen O – Poultry Feathers.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Let your study and research be around the species above and more. Don’t restrict your study to the above specimen alone. Although the specimen have been gotten from a verified source, still use it with care.

You should note that studying the above specimen will help you pass the practical examination with flying colors, but don’t restrict your study to the listed specimen alone.

You should also note that where a specimen is not readily available in sufficient quantity, it would be shared among groups of candidates. The provision of specimen is the responsibility of your exam center.

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2021 WAEC CRS Question And Answer.

WAEC Christian religious studies answers.

(HOSEA 1; 2; 3)

(a) Relate the story of Hosea’s Marriage to Gomer.

(b) Mention three factors that ensure a stable marriage.

Candidates highlighted the essential points which include:

i. God instructed Hosea to take for a wife a woman of harlotry.

ii. This was to demonstrate how Israel had forsaken the Lord and engaged in idolatry.

iii. He took Gomer, the daughter of Diblaim, who gave birth to three children

iv. The first child, a son, was named Jezreel

v. The name implied that God would punish the house of Jehu for the blood of Jezreel and would put an end to the kingdom of Israel.

vi. Gomer’s second born was a female whom she named “Not Pitied”.

vii. “Not Pitied” means God would no longer pity the house of Israel.

viii. The third born was named “Not my People” because Israel was no longer the people of God nor was God their God.

ix. After the birth of these children, Gomer abandoned Hosea and ran after other lovers/she became a temple prostitute.

x. Hosea, out of love, implored Gomer to come back but she refused.

xi. He sent his children to plead with her to returned, but to no avail.

xii. Gomer was influenced by the worldly things she was getting from her lovers.

xiii. Despite Gomer’s unfaithfulness and Hosea’s disappointments, Hosea still loved her.

xiv. Hosea’s marital experience and love for his wife was a demonstration of God’s love for Israel

In the (b) Part, candidates were able to give the right answers to the question easily. This part helped to boost the scores of candidates who did not perform well in (a) part. Candidates performed better in the (b) part than in the (a) part. On average, candidates performed greatly in this question.

2
((I SAM. 2: 12 – 36, 3: 2 – 18; 4:10-22)

(a) Recount the effects of the behavior of Eli’s children on Israel as a nation.

(b) What two lessons can be learned by parents from Eli’s attitude?

Solutions

This question was popular among the candidates. However, some candidates went astray by emphasizing on the discussion that transpired between Eli and Samuel. After candidates must have pointed out the sins of Eli’s children and his failure to stop his children from their sinful acts, candidates were expected to point out the effects of the incident to Israel as outlined below:

i. God sent the Philistines to fight Israel and Israel was defeated by Philistia

ii. About three thousand Israelites died in the war

iii. The Ark of covenant was also captured by the Philistines.

iv. The two sons of Eli were also killed

v. Eli died when he heard that his two sons were dead and the Ark was also captured

vi. When Phinehas’ wife who was pregnant heard of the death of her husband and the father-in-law, she gave birth prematurely and later died

vii. The child was called “Ichabod” meaning the glory has departed from Israel

viii. The priestly position of Eli’s family was taken away and given to Samuel.

The (b) Part was less challenging to some of the candidates in that they were able to answer the questions well. However, the majority of the candidates were blaming Eli for the deeds of his sons instead of drawing out some of the lessons that can be learned from Eli’s attitude. Some of the peculiar lessons parents can learn include;

i. Parents should inculcate into their children the fear of God. E.g. Bible studies etc.

ii. Parents should train children to acquire good moral values/ they should be role models.

iii. Disobedience to the Lord’s commandments leads to severe punishment.

iv. Parents should be stern on children who go astray they should not be afraid to reprimand their children.

v. They should take interest in the affairs of their children. E.g. relationships, pastimes, hobbies, education and aspirations.

vi. They should reward and encourage good behavior.

vii. Parents should be good friends of their wards.

3
(I KINGS 12: 1 – 17)

(a) Narrate the circumstances leading to the rejection of Rehoboam

(b) What three factors can lead to the rejection of a political leader?

This question was not popular among the candidates as only a few candidates attempted it. From their narration, it was observed that candidates were familiar with this story, however, the majority of them performed poorly because they missed the storyline, while some wrote about the rejection of Saul. The supposed points candidates were expected to have written are:

i. After the death of Solomon, his son Rehoboam was made king by the tribes of Judah, in the south.

ii. He journeyed to the North to be crowned king at Shechem by the Northerners, in order to unite the kingdom.

iii. Jeroboam who had been in exile in Egypt when he heard of the news, returned home and led a delegation from the North to meet Rehoboam

iv. The delegation requested that the heavy burden imposed on them by Solomon be made light so that they would serve him

v. Rehoboam asked the Northern delegates to go and return on the third day for an answer

vi. He sought advice from his father’s elderly counselors about the type of response he should give to the Northerners.

vii. They advised him to pay heed to their request by reducing their burden so that they would serve Rehoboam.

viii. Rehoboam later consulted his peers for advice on the issue.

ix. His contemporaries advised him to tell the Northerners: “my little finger is thicker than my father’s loins”.

x. “Whereas my father chastised you with whips, I will chastise you with scorpions”.

xi. This implied that the people’s plight would be worse than that of his father

xii. On the third day, Jeroboam and the Northerners returned to Rehoboam for an answer.

xiii. Rehoboam rejected the good advice of his elders and took that of his peers – that he would make their plight more grievous.

xiv. When the Israelites saw that Rehoboam was not ready to listen to their plea for reduction of their burden, they broke away from the United Kingdom, saying “we have no inheritance in the son of Jesse. To your tents, o Israel!”

xv. The Northerners then made Jeroboam their king.

In the (b) part, candidates used the experience of the political activities happening in the society to answer the question and were able to derive some tangible points. Some points candidates could have included are:

i. When the leader becomes dictatorial/cruel

ii. When the leader has no respect for the elders

iii. When economic conditions become deplorable/unbearable/ harsh

iv. When the leader acts without authorization/beyond his powers/violates the constitution

v. When the leader indulges in immoral acts

vi. When the leader is unable to control those under him/her

vii. When the leader is corrupt.

4
REPORT BROUGHT TO MOSES BY THE TWELVE SPIES (NUMBERS 13:1-33, 14: 1-19)

This question was popular among the candidates. In part a, candidates were able to mention the positive report from Caleb and Joshua as against the ill reports of the remaining ten spies but they failed to mention the reaction of the people of Israel regarding the way they murmured against Moses which made God angry with them and decided to destroy them until Moses pleaded on their behalf.

After the spies returned from their mission, candidates were expected to list the following points;

The majority of the spies said the men of Canaan were of great stature and the Israelites looked like grasshoppers before them.

It was a land that devoured its inhabitants, they alleged.

But Joshua and Caleb did not agree with them and insisted that they should go and occupy the land since they could overpower them.

According to them, God would help them to defeat the Canaanites.

They rent their clothes and encouraged the Israelites not to be afraid.

But as a result of the report given by the majority of the spies, the Israelites complained bitterly against Moses, saying it would have been better to endure slavery in Egypt than to die in the wilderness.

They suggested that a leader should be appointed to lead them back to Egypt.

The people were so angry that they attempted to stone Caleb and Joshua.

God threatened to destroy the people with pestilence and disinherit them, but Moses interceded on their behalf.

Expected lessons political figures can learn from the mission of the spies are;

The majority view and decision may not always be right, or correct.

Feasibility work should always be done before undertaking any major project.

Exaggerations should be avoided if their purpose is to put fear in the people.

Nothing should be hidden from the people/Need for transparency in public service.

Reporting the true state of affairs should be encouraged.

Bold and faithful people should be appointed as leaders.

Political leaders are not to be discouraged by negative reports/ criticisms which come their way.

Positive self-image/believing in one’s self is necessary for individual and national progress. This should be encouraged by political leaders.

There is a need to trust God in all that we do/ Political leaders should have strong faith in God in all their endeavors/ intercede for their people.

Fear can paralyze an individual or a nation/it can cause one to lose his or her blessings.

Fear can discourage someone from taking risks/making decisions.

Political leaders should do all they can to give their people hope and a positive vision.

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2021 WAEC Commerce Questions and Answers

Commerce questions and answers.

1. Which of the following must be present in an agency by agreement?

• A. intentions
• B. will
• C. consent
• D. authority

ANSWER: A ( intentions )

2. An agreement to sell is distinguishable from sale because in the former, the transfer of goods is

• A. not anticipated
• B. not discussed
• C. deferred
• D. immediate

ANSWER: C ( deferred )

3.Mr Amusa says to Mr Bello ‘i will sell you this hat for N30’. And Mr Bello replied ‘i will pay N29’. The contract is

• A. an offer and acceptance
• B. an implied contract
• C. a complete simple contract
• D. an offer but no acceptance

ANSWER: D ( an offer but no acceptance )

4.Nationalization of an industry means that its ownership becomes that of

• A. government
• B. shareholders
• C. taxpayers
• D. indigenes

ANSWER: A ( government )

5.The comprehensive import supervision scheme was set up by the federal government in order to

• A. reverse Nigeria’s unfavourable balance of trade
• B. promote fair trade between Nigeria and other countries
• C. counteract all fraudulent business deals of Nigeria with other nationals
• D. ensue that import into Nigeria are of the correct quality, value and quantity

ANSWER: D ( ensue that import into Nigeria are of the correct quality, value and quantity )

6. Commerce can be defined as the study of how

• A. man utilizes the resources in his physical environment
• B. man produces, distributes and consumes his goods and services
• C. man buys, sells and distributes goods and services
• D. raw materials are changed into finished goods

ANSWER: C (man buys, sells and distributes goods and services)

7. …… activity turns processed raw materials into consumer and industrial goods is described as

• A. extractive
• B. manufacturing
• C. constructive
• D. processing

ANSWER: B ( manufacturing )

8. The production process that combines two or more raw materials into one end product is

• A. conditioning
• B. blending
• C. merging
• D. synthesis

ANSWER: B (blending)

9. A demonstration of social responsibility by a business is the payment of

• A. taxes to government
• B. dividends to shareholders
• C. interests on loans
• D. premium on insurance

ANSWER: A (dividends to shareholders)

10. A distinguishing characteristics of a limited liability company is that it

• A. is a collection of many sole proprietors
• B. is a multiple partnership
• C. can sue and be sued
• D. has limited resources

ANSWER: C (can sue and be sued)

10. What is an advantage of telephone communication in business?
A copies of documents may be transmitted
B messages can be corrected before transmission
C problems may be discussed
D visual contact is made.

11. Which methods of transport are most likely to be used to transport oil from Australia to
Singapore?

A canal and sea
B pipeline and sea
C rail and pipeline
D road and air.

12. What is an advantage of containerisation in sea transport?

A avoidance of customs duty
B carriage of one type of product at a time
C fast turnaround of ships at ports
D quick unpacking of goods at docks.

13. A washing machine manufacturer wishes to promote a newly-designed product.
Which advertising medium would reach the most consumers?

A cinema
B flyers
C radio
D television.

14. Which factor plays a part in the increasing volume of air freight that is being transported
worldwide?

A availability of larger aircraft
B fluctuating aviation fuel prices
C increased international terrorism
D increased tourism.

15. Which airport facility is likely to be the most important to a business exporting goods through an airport?

A currency exchanges
B duty free shops
C lifting gear
D luggage handling.

16. Warehousing is unlikely to be part of the chain of distribution for

A canned food.
B clothes.
C milk.
D toys.

17. The diagram shows part of a credit note.

How is the document used?

A The buyer sends it to the supplier after goods have arrived damaged.
B The buyer sends it to the supplier’s bank to pay for goods supplied.
C The supplier sends it to the buyer after goods have been returned damaged.
D The supplier sends it to the buyer’s bank to cancel over-payments.

18. Which of the following take place when firms producing at different stages in the same industry combine.

A. Conglomeration
B. Vertical integration
C. Horizontal integration
D. Cartel.

19. What are the fixtures and fittings in a balance sheet?

A. Liquid capital
B. Current assets
C. Fixed assets
D. Working capital.

20. One of the functions of sea ports is the provision of ______

A. Berthing and land facilities
B. Loading and offloading facilities
C. Control room for relaying radio messages
D. Ware house of storage of cargo.

The following are past Questions and Answers :

(a) Differentiate between Industry and commerce

(b) List and explain four activities of those engaged in commercial occupation.

ANS: (b) (i) Banking: Those working as bankers provide facilities for saving, borrowing, investing, and payments for business transactions.

(ii) Advertising: Advertising practitioners inform potential buyers and sellers about the existence, nature, use, price of goods and services through various advertising media.

(iii) Insurance: Insurers provide cover for business risks and compensation in case of loss etc.

Explain five benefits that would be derived and five losses that would be suffered when a Sole trader admits other partners.

ANS: (a) Benefits to a Sole Trader

(i) Better decision making

(ii) Possibility of more profit

(iii) Greater degree of continuity etc.

(b) Losses to Sole Trader

(i) The death of a general partner may collapse the business

(ii) Disagreement among members can affect the smooth running of the business

(iii) Actions of a partner is binding on the firm. Therefore misconduct of an unscrupulous partner may ruin the business.

(a) State five features of partnership business.

(b) Explain five reasons why government participate in business.

Explain the following insurance terms:

(a) proximate cause
(b) contribution
(c) utmost good faith
(d) re-insurance;
(e) contract of non-indemnity (compensation).

List and explain four documents involved in the formation of a Public Limited Company.
ANS: (a) Declaration:

(i) This is a statement in writing to the registrar of Companies by the promoter.

(ii) It is states that the requirement of the companies have been compiled with

(iii) It is a declaration that adequate capital has been raised etc.

(b) Trading Certificate:

(I) This is document issued by the Registrar of companies

(II) It gives the public company the right to commence the business for which it was formed, etc.

(a) Explain the following:

(i) counter trade;
(ii) entreport trade;
(iii) import trade;
(iv) invisible trade.
(b) State four burners to International trade.

ANS: (i) Counter Trade: This is a system of International trade where countries instead of paying cash for the goods they purchase from other Countries will pay.

(ii) Entreport Trade: This is a system of trade where goods imported into a country are re-export while the goods are still in the same form as they were received.

(iii) Import Trade: This is a system of trade where goods are brought into a country from another country.

(iv) Invisible Trade: This is a type of International trade involving intangible products such as services or Banking, shipping services colu requires payment of money.

Fresh answers to the main questions will be uploaded here. keep reshreshing this page as you prepare for the exam.

More Questions

1. Commerce is defined as the study of how

A. Man utilizes the resources in his physical environment

B. Man produces, distributes, and consumes his goods and services

C. Man buys, sells, and distributes goods and services

D. Raw materials are changed into finished goods

2. The type of activity which turns processed raw materials into consumer and industrial goods is described as

A. Extractive

B. Manufacturing

C. Constructive

D. Processing

3. The production process that combines two or more raw materials into one end product is

A. conditioning

B. blending

C. merging

D. synthesis

4. A demonstration of social responsibility by a business is the payment of

A. taxes to government

B. dividends to shareholders

C. interest on loans

D. premium for

5. A distinguishing characteristic of a limited liability company is that it

A. is a collection of many sole proprietors

B. is a multiple partnership

C. can sue and be sued

D. has limited resources

6. Which of the following takes place when firms producing at different stages in the same industry combine?

A, Conglomeration

B. Vertical integration

C. Horizontal integration

D. Cartel.

7. Which of the following groups is paid first when a firm liquidates?

A. Perference

B. Debenture holders

C. Ordinary

D. Cummulative preference

8. Compulsory dissolution of a business can arise from

A. an agreement by the owners

B. a declaration by a court of law

C. the termination of its life

D. an unfavourable economic climate.

9. What are fixtures and fittings in a balance sheet?

A.Liquid capital

B. Current assets

C. Fixed assets

D. Working capital

10. Government impose import duties for the following reasons EXCEPT

A. to raise revenue for other services

B. to act as as a retaliatory measure against other governments

C. to discourage the redistribution of income at home

D. to protect home industries from external

11. Sole enterprise may flourish best in

A. a mining business a retailing business

B. an oil exploration business

C. a car assembly business

D. a retailing business

12. The rate at which a country’s exports exchange for its imports is called

A. balance of payments

B. balance of trade

C. terms of payment

D. terms of trade.

13. The production process that combines two or more raw materials into one end product is

A. conditioning

B. blending

C. merging

D. synthesis

14. A demonstration of social responsibility by a business is the payment of

A. taxes to government

B. dividends to shareholders

C. interests on loans

D. premium on insurance

15. Which of the following statements is TRUE about sea transport?

A. All ships have specific routes to

B. All ships must be insured at every journey

C. All ships are insured separately from the crew

D. All ships normally arrive at their destination with goods.

16. The postal organization which preceded in Nigerian Postal Service is

A. Post and Telecommunications

B. Post and Telephone

C. Post and Teleprinter

D. Post and Telegraph.

Keep refreshing this page and bookmark for latest updates.

Nigerian Stock Recommendation For Today by MeristemNG.

Bearish sentiment dominated the equities market last week as the All share Index shed 0.57% to settle at 39,261.01pts. Consequently, Year-to-date losses worsened further to -2.51%.

Buying pressure on insurance tickers sustained from the previous week as only the NGXINS Index closed up by +0.79%, remaining the week’s best performing index while all other indices closed down.

TRANSCOHOT topped the gainer’s chart, with prices up by 10.00%WoW while OANDO shed weight by 15.21%WoW, to become
the top loser for the week.

ACCESSBANK released its H1:2021 result during the week reporting a 13.58%YoY and 42.44%YoY increase in Gross earnings and profit after tax, respectively. An interim dividend of GNG0.30k per share was also announced by the bank.

Although some profit taking activities occurred in the market the previous week, we think significant tailroom still exists on some heavyweight stocks.

Thus, we expect bearish sentiment to persist across the equities market this week.

However, we do not rule out the possibility of buying pressure on some tickers in the banking sector which currently have significant upside potential, in addition to the prospect for interim dividends. MeristemNG.

2021 WAEC Chemistry Practical

Chemistry specimen for Chemistry practical

The following apparatus and materials will be required by each candidate in addition to the fittings and reagents normally contained in a chemistry laboratory.

Click here for latest questions and answers on WAEC 2021 Chemistry Practical

(a) one burette of 50cm³ capacity.

(b) one pipette, either 20cm³ or 25cm³.

All candidates at one centre will use pipettes of the same volume. These should be clean and free from grease.

(c) the usual apparatus for titration;

(d) the usual apparatus and reagents for qualitative work including the following with all reagents appropriately labelled.

(i) dilute sodium hydroxide solution.

(ii) dilute hydrochloric acid.

(iii) dilute trioxonitrate(v) acid.

(iv) silver trioxonitrate(v) solution.

(v) acidified potassium dichromate solution.

(vi) aqueous ammonia.

(vii) lime water.

(viii) red and blue litmus paper.

(ix) dilute tetraoxosulphate(vi) acid.

(e) Spatula.

(f) filtration apparatus.

(g) one beaker.

(h) one boiling tube.

(i) four test tubes.

(j) Methyl orange as an indicator.

(k) mathematical table/calculator.

(l) wash bottle containing distilled/deionized water.

(m) a burning splint.

(n) watch glass.

(o) bunsen burner/source of heat.

(p) droppers.

(3) Each candidate should be supplied with the following where n is the candidate’s serial number.

(a) 150cm³ of a solution of HCL, in a corked flask or bottle, labelled “An”. These should all be the same containing 9.0cm³ of concentrated HCL (about 60%) per dm³ of solution.

(b) 150cm³ of NaOH solution in a corked flask or bottle labelled “Bn”. These should all be the same containing 4.8g of NaOH per dm³ of solution.

(c) one spatula of a uniform mixture of CUSO4 and (NH4)2CO3 in a specimen bottle and corked immediately, and labelled “Cn”. The components of the mixture should be in the ratio 1 : 1 by mass.

(d) One spatula full of crystals of iodine in a specimen bottle labelled “Dn”. This must be the same for all candidates.

4. In all cases, more materials may be issued if required.

5. The actual concentrations of “An” and “Bn” will be stated on the Supervisor’s Report form. The candidates will assume that the concentrations are exactly as stated in the question paper.

2021 WAEC Biology Practical Specimens And Answer

Specimen A: Cervical Vertebra Mammal

Location of Specimen A

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These are endoskeleton that is found in the neck region of mammals in man, they are seven in number. The first cervical vertebra is called the atlas while the second is called the axis, the third to seven bones are the normal cervical bones.

Characteristics of Atlas Specimen A C1

• It has a flat and broad transverse process
• The neural Spine is very short or Absent.
• Click here for Latest answers on 2021 WAEC Biology Practical
• The centrum is Absent
• It has a vertebraterial canal for the passage of blood vessels

Characteristics of Atlas Specimen A C2

• It has a broad and flat centrum
• It has a vertebraterial canal
• It articles with the atlas through the odontoid process

Characteristics of Normal Specimen A C7

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• The C7 may process cervical ribs
• C7 formen may transmit the posterior vertebral Vein ( if doubled)

Functions Of the Axis

• It allows the head turned easily, I.e twisting of the head
• It has a pair of the short transverse process
• There is a large neural canal and neural arch
• A large cylindrical centrum is present

Function of Atlas

• It permits the nodding of the head

 

 

Specimen B: Thoracic Vertebra Mammal

Location: The thoracic vertebra is found in the chest region in man, they are twelve in numbers.

Characteristics of Specimen B

• The specimen B has a long and prominent neural spine when projects upward and backward
• It has a pair of the short transverse process
• There is a Waec Biology practical specimen Answer 2021large neural canal and neural arch

The function of Specimen B

• It aids the attachment of the ribs
• Muscles of the specimen are back and are attached to the neural spring
• It assists in breathing alongside the ribs

 

 

Structure of Specimen B

They are larger than the cervical but smaller than the lumbar vertebra in size, which is Heart Shaped.

Specimen C: Lumber Vertebra Mammal

Location: Specimen C are found in the upper abdominal Region

Characteristics of Specimen C

• It has a large, flattened transverse process
• It has a broad and flat neural spine
• It has a large and thick centrum
• It has well-developed pie and post-Zygapopheses

Functions of the Specimen C

• The lumber Vetebra Provides attachment for abdominal muscles
• They bear the considerable weight of the body

 

The shape of Specimen C

They are very large vertebra bodies that have kidney-shaped

Similarities between Specimen A, B, and C

• The presence of Neural canal
• The presence of the Neural spine
• Present of Facet

Differences between Specimen A, B, and C

Specimen A	Specimen B		Specimen C
Absent of Centrum	Present of centrum		Present of Centrum
The Neural Spine is Absent		The present of Neural Spine		The present of neural Spine
It has a flat and broad transverse		It has a pair of the short transverse process		It has a large flattened transverse process

 

Specimen L: Adult Mosquito ( freshly obtained)

Phylum: Specimen L is Arthropod

Class:     Specimen L is Insecta

Habitat of Specimen L

Specimen lives in unkept, dirty overgrown bushes and stagnant water (pour some water in a container with a wide mouth. Leave it outside a house around which some bushes are growing. After some days, you are likely to see a freshly adult mosquito

Sex of Specimen L

Female Mosquito

Life History of Specimen L

Specimen L exhibits complete metamorphosis, I.e the fertilized eggs develop to lava, then larva to pupa, and finally to adult or imago.

The female mosquito lays about 2-7 batches of eggs, each batch consisting of about 100 eggs at a time which is lay inside a container holding water.

The entire life cycle from an egg to an adult takes approximately 8 – 10days. Pupae develop into flying mosquitoes in 2 – 3 days

What kind of metamorphosis does Specimen L undergo

It undergoes a complete metamorphosis which is egg – larvae – pupa – Adult

Mode of Feeding of Specimen L

The mosquito has a unique mouthpart modified for piercing and sucking blood.

Economics Importance of Specimen L

• They serve as food for many species
• They transfer diseases
• They feed on blood
• They cause disaster to humans ( death)

Observable Features of Specimen L

• The presence of Abdomen/Abdominal segment; for digestion, excretion, and reproduction
• The presence of antenna; For sensitivity
• Present of wing/feathering hair; for a defense to flight
• Present of eye; for vision/sight/seeing
• Present of maxillary palp; use to taste the quality of the food

 

Diagram of mosquito (side view)

Ways to control Specimen L

• Stagnant water should not be allowed to exist near the dwelling place
• Insecticides should be sprayed on any stagnant water either the eggs, larvae, and pulpae
• Bushes around houses, schools, churches, hospitals, should be cleared
• It is advisable to sleep under a mosquito net in other to avoid adult mosquito bites

Specimen M ( Butterfly)

Habitat of Specimen M: They lives in quiet forest and pasture

Phylum: Specimen M is Arthropod

Class: Specimen M is Insecta

Life History of Specimen M

Specimen M exhibits, complete metamorphosis ad they undergo four stages of metamorphosis which are egg – larvae – pupa – Adult

Mode of Feeding of Specimen M

The specimen has a unique mouthpart modified which is used in sucking the nectar of flowers.

Economic Importance of Specimen M

• They serve as food to some species mostly in the food chain
• They play important role in pollinating flowers ( pollination of flowers)
• They feed on flowers by sucking the nectar of flowers

Observable Features of Specimen M

• The presence of Abdomen/Abdominal segment; for digestion, excretion, and reproduction
• The presence of antenna; For sensitivity
• Present of wing/feathering hair; for camouflage
• Present of eye; for vision/sight/seeing
• Present of maxillary siphoning: For sucking/feeding
• The presence of legs; for locomotion

 

Physical / Behavioural Adaptation of Specimen M ( Butterfly)

• The strew like tongue also called the proboscis help them to survive
• The monarch’s ways color tells predators they are poisonous to eat
• Their behavioral Adaption include their ability to migrate from cold winter (the ability of metamorphosis)
• As caterpillars (lava), they eat milkweed which contains poison. The adaptation makes them taste terrible to most predators

Specimen N:  ( Sugar Ant)

Habitat of Specimen N

Specimen N lives in a cupboard, kitchen, uncovered food, homes.

Phylum: Specimen N is Arthropod

Class: Specimen N is Insecta

Life History of Specimen N

Specimen M exhibits, complete metamorphosis ad they undergo four stages of metamorphosis which are egg – larvae – pupa – Adult

Mode of Feeding of Specimen N

The specimen N ( Sugar Ant feed by chewing and scrapping)

Economic Importance of Specimen N (sugar Ant)

• It helps to keep the environment clean
• They act as decomposers by feeding on organic waste like sugar, insect, and dead animals
• They are destructive
• Specimen N act as a predator to other insect and their eggs
• They serve as a source of food for some invertebrate and vertebrate

How to control Specimen N

• Keeping the kitchen clean
• Emptying your trash regularly and eliminating moisture whenever possible
• Keeping food well sealed in proper storage containers.

Diagram of Specimen N (Dorsal view)

Similarities between specimen L M and N

• They have the same division (  such as head, thorax, and abdomen)
• They all have the same complete metamorphosis stages ( they have the same life cycle)

Difference between Specimen L, M, and N

Specimen L Mosquito	Specimen M Butterfly	Specimen N Sugar Ant
Mosquito feed on blood	Butterfly feed on by collecting nectar	Sugar Ant feed on sugar or fruit
Mosquito feed by piercing and sucking	Butterfly feed by sucking only	Sugar Ant feed by chewing and scrapping
Mosquito lay an egg on water	Butterfly lay eggs on plants
They protect themselves by quick fly	They protect themselves through camouflage by folding their wings	They protect themselves by the attack and defend by bitting

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How to apply for Gateway Polytechnic, Saapade (GAPOSA) ND, HND for 2021/2022 session

Gaposa student Application Portal is now available online for all prospective candidates who choose Gateway Polytechnic, Saapade as their school of choice.

Click here for Fresh Application

Complete the Basic Details Form (BDF)

Click on “CONTINUE”

If you are ready to pay, click on “PAY NOW” else click on “SAVE & EXIT”

Complete your payment process

Return to site(Online Application Portal), login and complete Detailed Application Form (DAF)

Supply your Application Number as Username and your Surname as the password

Supply all required information

Enter your O’level result(s)

Click on “SUBMIT” to save your completed information online

Upload passport (configuration: JPG,120*120px and 20kb)

Click on “Submit” to complete the application process

Print Detailed Application Form (DAF).

For inquiries and complaints mail to payment@gaposa.edu.ng or Call 08138691830, 08067937140. You can as well forward all WhatsApp messages to 08059892056.

Closing date is yet to be announced.